(上海交通大學 材料科學與工程學院 上海市激光制造與材料改性重點實驗室，上海 200240)
摘 要: 研究鋁合金熱處理過程中微觀組織與性能的演變規(guī)律，并建立能應(yīng)用于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的定量預測模型具有重要學術(shù)和工程應(yīng)用價值。綜合近年來關(guān)于鋁合金時效過程中析出相演變和析出強化的模型及模擬的研究，分析和討論以下幾個方面的內(nèi)容：模擬鋁合金時效過程中析出相演變與析出強化的不同方法；鋁合金時效過程中析出相微觀組織的演變模型，包括形核、長大與粗化階段，重點總結(jié)預測微觀組織演變的計算方法；鋁合金的強度影響因素及不同形貌析出相的強化模型；各種模型的應(yīng)用和它們的優(yōu)缺點以及未來可能的研究方向。
關(guān)鍵字: 析出熱力學；析出動力學；強化模型；析出相；切過機制；繞過機制；臨界半徑
（Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China）
Abstract:The aluminum alloys play an important role in the application in the aerospace and automobile industries, the evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys during the heat treatment were investigated extensively, and the quantitative predictive models with academic research and engineering application were established. The methods and models for the precipitation process of aluminum alloys in the past few years were reviewed, and the following aspects were analyzed and discussed, which are that the different simulation methods for precipitation evolution and strengthening for the aging process of aluminum alloys; the models for the precipitation evolution of aluminum alloys during aging process, including the nucleation, growth and coarsening of the particles; the factors affecting the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys and the precipitation strengthening models for precipitates with different shapes and the advantages and disadvantages of the models and possible future research.
Key words: precipitation thermodynamics; precipitation kinetics; strengthening models; precipitate; shear mechanism; by-pass mechanism; critical radius
