(1. 北京化工大學(xué) 教育部超重力工程研究中心，北京 100029；
2. 北京化工大學(xué) 有機無機復(fù)合材料國家重點實驗室，北京 100029)
摘 要: 超重力條件下，溫度75 ℃，以摩爾比為2:1的AlCl3-BMIC 離子液體為電解液，在鋁電極上采用循環(huán)伏安法研究鋁的電沉積過程，在不銹鋼電極上進行鋁的恒電流電沉積實驗，并研究超重力環(huán)境對鋁鍍層表面形貌和晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。采用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)和X射線衍射(XRD)分別對鋁鍍層形貌和晶體結(jié)構(gòu)進行研究。循環(huán)伏安實驗結(jié)果表明，常重力和超重力環(huán)境下鋁電沉積過程均為擴散控制的準(zhǔn)可逆過程，且超重力系數(shù)(G)對于電沉積過程中鋁離子的擴散系數(shù)沒有影響；超重力場通過強化電解液中的對流過程而強化電沉積過程。SEM結(jié)果表明，超重力場能夠細化晶粒、避免枝晶產(chǎn)生，獲得附著性良好的鍍層。XRD分析表明，鋁鍍層晶面擇優(yōu)取向為(111)面，并隨著G的增大，(111)晶面優(yōu)勢加強。
關(guān)鍵字: Al層；離子液體；超重力場；電沉積；循環(huán)伏安
（1. Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology,
Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites,
Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China）
Abstract:In high gravity field, the electrodeposition process of Al was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) on Al electrodes, and the constant current electrodeposition of Al was conducted on stainless steel electrodes from AlCl3-BMIC ionic liquids with 2:1 molar ratio at 75 ℃. The influence of high gravity field on the surface morphology and crystal structure of the Al coatings was also investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were used to study the morphology and crystal structure of the Al coatings, respectively. Analyses of the CV indicate that the electrodeposition of Al is a diffusion-controlled quasi reversible process either in normal or in high gravity field, and the high gravity coefficient (G) has no influence on the diffusion coefficient of Al ions. The electrodeposition process is strengthened with the intensification of convection of electrolyte in high gravity field. SEM results show that high gravity field can refine the grain and avoid dendrite, resulting in good adhesive coatings. XRD analysis reveals that all of the electrodeposits exhibit a preferred (111) crystallographic orientation, and they are enhanced with the increase of G.
Key words: high gravity field; ionic liquid; electrodeposition; cyclic voltammetry; aluminum coating
