(四川長(zhǎng)虹電器股份有限公司，綿陽 621000)
摘 要: 采用濕式破碎分選，硫酸-硫代硫酸鈉浸出，堿和P204萃取除雜，P507萃取分離鈷和鋰，用草酸和碳酸鈉沉淀法從廢舊鋰電池中回收草酸鈷和碳酸鋰，研究廢舊鋰離子電池的綜合利用。結(jié)果表明：濕式破碎分選能有效分離出約97%(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))的銅鋁混合物、有機(jī)薄膜、鈷酸鋰和碳粉混合物，且能防止氟化氫氣體的生成；硫酸-硫代硫酸鈉浸出含少量銅、鋁的鈷酸鋰和碳粉混合物最佳條件如下：氫離子濃度3 mol/L、硫代硫酸鈉濃度0.25 mol/L、液固比15:1(液體體積與固液質(zhì)量之比，mL/g)、反應(yīng)溫度90 ℃、反應(yīng)時(shí)間2.5 h，鈷和鋰的浸出率大于97%；通過除雜能有效去除大部分鎳、銅和鋁等雜質(zhì)，制得草酸鈷純度為98.4%，碳酸鋰純度為99.3%。
關(guān)鍵字: 廢舊鋰離子電池；回收；破碎分選；浸出；除雜；沉淀
（Sichuan Changhong Electric Co., Ltd., Mianyang 621000, China）
Abstract:Cobalt oxalate and lithium carbonate were recovered from spent lithium-ion batteries via several processes, including wet crushing and separation, leaching with the mixture of sulphuric acid and sodium thiosulfate, purification with alkali and P204, and extraction separation with P507. The results show that about 97% (mass fraction) copper aluminum mixture, organic membrane, lithium cobalt oxide and carbon powder mixture can be effectively separated by wet crushing and separation. This process can also prevent the generation of hydrogen fluoride. Moreover, the optimal condition for the process is as follows: 3 mol/L hydrogen ion and 0.25 mol/L sodium thiosulfate, ratio of liquid to solid 15:1 (ratio of liquid volume to solid mass, mL/g), leaching temperature 90 ℃, leaching time 2.5 h, extraction rates of cobalt and lithium over 97%. Subsequently, most impurities, such as nickel, copper and aluminum, can be removed by the following purification. The final purities of cobalt oxalate and lithium carbonate reach 98.4% and 99.3%, respectively.
Key words: spent lithium-ion batteries; recovery; crushing and separation; leaching; purification; precipitation
