(中國科學(xué)院 金屬研究所 金屬腐蝕與防護(hù)國家重點實驗室，沈陽 110016)
摘 要: 通過循環(huán)鹽霧腐蝕實驗，模擬2024-T3 鋁合金在海洋大氣環(huán)境中的腐蝕過程。采用腐蝕質(zhì)量損失測試、掃描電鏡(SEM)、X射線能譜(EDS)和電化學(xué)技術(shù)分別對腐蝕117、242、362、487和598 h的2024-T3鋁合金試樣進(jìn)行測試分析，得到腐蝕動力學(xué)、腐蝕產(chǎn)物和點蝕坑的形貌、腐蝕產(chǎn)物的成分以及表面銹層的電化學(xué)特性，研究銹層對2024-T3鋁合金大氣腐蝕的影響。動力學(xué)分析表明，腐蝕過程中2024-T3鋁合金的表面形成了具有較好保護(hù)性的銹層；電化學(xué)測試結(jié)果表明，銹層的保護(hù)性呈現(xiàn)隨腐蝕時間的延長先增強(qiáng)后減弱然后再略增強(qiáng)的變化過程。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁合金；大氣腐蝕；電化學(xué)技術(shù)；腐蝕產(chǎn)物
（State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection, Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China）
Abstract:The corrosion process of 2024-T3 aluminum alloy in marine atmospheric environment was simulated by a cycling salt spraying test. The corrosion evolution of 2024-T3 aluminum alloy as a function of corrosion time (117, 242, 362, 487, 598 h) was investigated by corrosion mass loss test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electrochemical techniques. Consequently, corrosion kinetics, the morphologies of corrosion products and pits, the composition of corrosion products and the electrochemical characters of rust layers were obtained. The influence of the rust layers on the atmospheric corrosion of 2024-T3 aluminum alloy was studied. The results of corrosion kinetics analysis show that the rust layers can well protect 2024-T3 aluminum alloy from corrosion. The results of electrochemical measurement further illustrate that the protective effect of the rust layers is first enhanced, and then weakened, at last enhanced slightly again as the corrosion time increases.
Key words: aluminum alloy; atmospheric corrosion; electrochemical technique; corrosion products
