(1. 中南大學(xué) 冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083；
2. 中南大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 提出堿性NaOH體系分步氧化浸出和鹽酸浸出相結(jié)合的工藝預(yù)處理鉛陽(yáng)極泥，在堿性分步氧化浸出過(guò)程中，實(shí)現(xiàn)As的氧化溶解和Bi等金屬的氧化沉淀，然后用鹽酸溶解堿性浸出渣中的Bi，使貴金屬富集在鹽酸浸出渣中。結(jié)果表明：無(wú)論堿性直接浸出或酸性直接浸出都不能有效分離鉛陽(yáng)極泥中的有價(jià)金屬；改變烘烤溫度、延長(zhǎng)空氣氧化時(shí)間和改變堿性加壓氧化浸出溫度都不能實(shí)現(xiàn)有價(jià)金屬的分步分離。當(dāng)雙氧水用量大于0.2以后，堿性浸出過(guò)程As的浸出率達(dá)到92%以上，堿性浸出渣鹽酸浸出時(shí)，Bi和Cu的浸出率分別達(dá)到99.0%和97.0%，且殘余的As不溶解，實(shí)現(xiàn)鉛陽(yáng)極泥中有價(jià)金屬分步分離的目的。
關(guān)鍵字: 鉛陽(yáng)極泥；堿性氧化浸出；鹽酸浸出；NaOH
（1. School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, C）
Abstract:The united process that combining alkaline multistage oxidation leaching and hydrochloric acid leaching was used to pretreat lead anode slime. When lead anode slime was leached by alkaline multistage oxidation, arsenic is dissolved into the solution, while bismuth, copper and other metals were oxidized and remained in the alkaline leaching residue. The alkaline leaching residue was leached with hydrochloric acid solution. The result shows that valuable metals can not be separated effectively whether the direct leaching is performed in alkaline solution or hydrochloric acid solution. The valuable metals can not be separated step by step when different oxidation modes, such as roasting, prolonging the time of air oxidation leaching and decreasing the temperature of pressure oxidation leaching, are applied to strengthen the NaOH leaching procedure. When H2O2 is added to strengthen NaOH leaching, the base metals in lead anode slime can be removed efficiently. The leaching ratio of arsenic can reach 92% when the coefficient of H2O2 is 0.2, while the alkaline leaching residue is leached in hydrochloric acid solution, the leaching ratios of bismuth and copper reach 99% and 97%, respectively, and the remained arsenic can not be dissolved in the acidic leaching solution.
Key words: lead anode slime; alkaline oxidation leaching; hydrochloric acid leaching; NaOH
