(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金與能源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大學(xué) 云南省復(fù)雜有色金屬資源清潔利用國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(培育基地)，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 測(cè)定AlCl3-BMIC離子液體(摩爾比2:1)電導(dǎo)率與Na+含量的關(guān)系，采用循環(huán)伏安法研究不同Na+含量離子液體的電化學(xué)性能，并通過(guò)恒電流電沉積考察Na+含量對(duì)槽電壓、電流效率、沉積層形貌及電沉積鋁純度的影響。結(jié)果表明：隨著Na+含量增加，離子液體的電導(dǎo)率和鋁電還原峰值電流密度降低，交換電流密度增加，傳遞系數(shù)基本保持不變；而且鋁沉積的電流效率降低、能耗增加。此外，當(dāng)離子液體中Na+含量低于0.2 g/L時(shí)，對(duì)鋁沉積層形貌影響不大，當(dāng)Na+含量增加到0.5 g/L時(shí)，沉積層變得平整致密，顆粒減小，但進(jìn)一步增加Na+含量，顆粒又逐漸長(zhǎng)大。離子液體中Na+的存在對(duì)鋁沉積層的純度影響很小，即使Na+含量高達(dá)2.0 g/L，鋁沉積層中Na含量也非常低。
關(guān)鍵字: 離子液體；Al；Na+；電沉積；電導(dǎo)率
（1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,
Kunming 650093, China;
2. State Key Laboratory (Breeding Base) of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Cleaning Utilization in Yunnan Province,
Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:The electrical conductivities of AlCl3-BMIC (mole ratio of AlCl3 to BMIC being 2:1) ionic liquids were measured as a function of the Na+ content. The effect of Na+ content on electrochemical characteristics of ionic liquid was investigated by the cyclic voltammetry. Constant current deposition experiments were used to study the effect of Na+ content on the cell voltage, current efficiency, surface morphology and purity of aluminum electrodeposits. The results show that the electrical conductivities of ionic liquid and the cathodic peak current density decrease, the exchange current density increases, and the transfer coefficient basically remains unchanged with the increase of Na+ content in the ionic liquid. Constant current deposition experiments show that the current efficiency decreases and the energy consumption increases with the increase of Na+ content. The presence of Na+ only has minimal effect on the surface morphology of the aluminum deposits when Na+ content is below 0.2 g/L. Aluminum deposits become more compact, and the grain size decreases as the Na+ content increases up to 0.5 g/L, but further increasing Na+ content, aluminum deposits are still compact, but the grain size increases. The purity of aluminum deposits is not virtually affected by Na+ content in ionic liquid electrolytes. The Na content of the aluminum deposits is very low even though the Na+ content is up to 2 g/L.
Key words: ionic liquid; Al; Na+; electrodeposition; conductivity
