(1. 燕山大學(xué) 機械工程學(xué)院，秦皇島 066004；2. 燕山大學(xué) 車輛與能源學(xué)院，秦皇島 066004)
摘 要: 為提高鎂合金板材拉深性能，提出一種基于固體顆粒介質(zhì)成形(Solid granules medium forming，SGMF)工藝的鎂合金板材差溫拉深工藝。以單向拉伸試驗獲取的AZ31B鎂合金板材真應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線和顆粒材料性能試驗構(gòu)建的介質(zhì)線性Drucker-Prager本構(gòu)模型為基礎(chǔ)，采用有限元法對板材拉深成形進行熱力耦合數(shù)值模擬并進行試驗驗證，研究壓邊力、壓邊間隙和溫度對板材拉深性能的影響。結(jié)果表明：壓邊間隙和壓邊力聯(lián)合控制比單純控制壓邊力或是壓邊間隙更能有效地提高板材拉深性能；AZ31B鎂合金板材在拉深過程中對溫度有較強敏感性，板材變形溫度為250~300 ℃，顆粒介質(zhì)與其溫差100~150℃時，板材達到最佳拉深性能；顆粒介質(zhì)能夠?qū)ぜ脖诓课惶峁┹S向摩擦力，該摩擦力能有效提高材料拉深性能并保證板厚的均勻性，這是SGMF工藝的優(yōu)勢所在。
關(guān)鍵字: AZ31B鎂合金；固體顆粒介質(zhì)成形；差溫；數(shù)值模擬
（1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China;
2. College of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China）
Abstract:In order to improve the deep drawing performance of magnesium alloy sheet, the non-isothermal drawing technology of magnesium alloy sheet based on solid granules medium forming (SGMF) was proposed. Based on the true stress-strain curves of AZ31B magnesium alloy from uniaxial tensile tests and the Drucker-Prager constitutive model with granular material performance tests, the thermo-mechanical couple numerical simulation of magnesium alloy sheet deep drawing with finite element method was performed, and the deep drawing tests were also carried out in order to validate the numerical model. The influences of process parameters, such as blank holder force, blank holder gap and temperature, on the deep drawing performance of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet were investigated. The results show that the combination controlling the blank-holder gap and blank holder force can improve the deep drawing performance of sheets more effectively than simply controlling only one of them. The AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet is sensitive to the temperature in the process of deep drawing, under the conditions of the forming temperature from 250 ℃ to 300 ℃ and the temperature difference from 100 ℃ to 150 ℃ to solid granules medium, the sheets achieve the best deep drawing performance. The granules medium can put axial friction on the cylinder wall and the force can improve the deep drawing performance of sheets and ensure their thickness evenness.
Key words: AZ31B magnesium alloy; solid granules medium forming; non-isothermal; numerical simulation
