(中南大學(xué) 高性能復(fù)雜制造國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 分別采用超聲攪拌復(fù)合焊(USCW)和攪拌摩擦焊(FSW)對(duì)厚度為1.8 mm的2524-T3航空鋁合金薄板進(jìn)行對(duì)接焊試驗(yàn)，對(duì)比分析USCW和FSW接頭的外觀、性能和微觀組織。結(jié)果表明：USCW接頭質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)于攪拌摩擦焊的，焊縫穩(wěn)定性比FSW焊縫的好，USCW可實(shí)現(xiàn)近零缺陷焊接，而FSW焊縫缺陷率達(dá)50%以上。顯微組織分析結(jié)果表明：USCW焊核區(qū)晶粒較攪拌摩擦焊更加細(xì)小、均勻；USCW焊縫熱機(jī)影響區(qū)與熱影響區(qū)較FSW的小。通過(guò)對(duì)超聲攪拌復(fù)合焊的機(jī)理分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，超聲波的熱效應(yīng)、體積效應(yīng)和強(qiáng)振動(dòng)效應(yīng)，具有補(bǔ)償焊縫中底部熱量、強(qiáng)化金屬塑性流動(dòng)、細(xì)化和均勻組織的效果。
關(guān)鍵字: 2524-T3鋁合金；超聲攪拌復(fù)合焊；攪拌摩擦焊；焊接穩(wěn)定性
（State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University,
Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The joint appearance, properties and microstructure of 1.8 mm-thickness 2524-T3 aluminum alloy sheet in friction stirring welding and ultrasonic agitation compound welding were compared. The results show the joint quality and stability of USCW are better than those of the FSW. The USCW defect rate is nearly zero, while FSW defect rate is more than 50%. The microstructure analysis results show that the grain of USCW is smaller and more uniform than that of FSW. The heat-affected zone (HAZ) and thermo-mechanically-affected zone (TMAZ) of USCW is significantly reduced, compared to FSW. Through the mechanism analysis of USCW, the thermal effect, volume effect and strong vibration effect of ultrasonic wave can add the heat to the bottom of joint, strength metal plastic flow and refine, uniform organization.
Key words: 2524-T3 aluminum alloy; ultrasonic stir compound welding; friction stir welding; welding stability
