(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 鋼鐵冶金新技術(shù)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100083；
2. 天津鋼管集團(tuán)股份有限公司，天津 300201；3. 湖北新冶鋼有限公司，黃石 435001)
摘 要: 系統(tǒng)地研究國(guó)內(nèi)多家鋼鐵企業(yè)粉塵的基礎(chǔ)特性，開發(fā)出一種低溫分離、富集冶金粉塵中Zn等金屬元素的新工藝。基于ZnO超細(xì)粉的還原揮發(fā)熱力學(xué)分析和動(dòng)力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，進(jìn)行了粉塵的非熔態(tài)還原及Zn的回收、富集研究。結(jié)果表明：使用高純度CO或H2為還原劑，在800~900 ℃可實(shí)現(xiàn)粉塵中ZnO(s)→Zn(g)的轉(zhuǎn)變，氣化脫Zn率可達(dá)99%；收集到的氣態(tài)還原產(chǎn)物經(jīng)水洗去除掉K、Cl 等元素后，富集成含Zn量可達(dá)90%的富Zn物料。同時(shí)，較低的溫度使得粉塵于非熔融狀態(tài)下還原，固態(tài)還原產(chǎn)物中Fe的金屬化率可達(dá)90%，可直接經(jīng)物理分離獲得固態(tài)高純鐵。
關(guān)鍵字: 冶金粉塵；非熔態(tài)還原；Zn富集
（1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing,
Beijing 100083, China;
2. Tianjin Pipe Corporation, Tianjin 300201, China;
3. Hubei Xinyegang Steel Co. Ltd., Huangshi 435001, China）
Abstract:The characteristics of dust obtained from different steelmaking enterprises were systematically studied. A new process for separating and enriching zinc from metallurgical dust at low temperature was developed. Based on the volatilized thermodynamics analysis and dynamics reduction experiment of pure ultra-fine ZnO, the experimental study on non-molten reduction and recovery and enrichment of zinc in dusts was carried out. The results show that zinc oxide is reduced to metallic zinc, using high-purity CO or H2 as the reducing agent at 800−900 ℃, and the de-zincing rate is over 99%. The collected gaseous reduction products are washed to get rid of K, Cl and other elements, then the enrichment, called Zn-rich material, is obtained with the content of Zn up to 90%. At the same time, the dusts are reduced at the state of non-molten because of low temperature, and the metallization of Fe in product of solid-state reduction is as high as 90%. Furthermore, the solid-state high-purity iron can be directly separated physically.
Key words: metallurgical dust; reduction at non-molten state; enrichment of zinc
