(北京礦冶研究總院 冶金研究設(shè)計所，北京 100070)
摘 要: 研究石煤釩礦的硫酸活化提釩方法。分別考察礦石粒度、硫酸濃度、活化劑用量、催化劑用量、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時間和浸出液固比等因素對釩浸出率的影響。結(jié)果表明：石煤提釩的優(yōu)化條件為礦石粒度小于74 μm的占80%、硫酸濃度150 g/L、活化劑CaF2用量(相對于礦石)60 kg/t、催化劑R用量20 g/L、反應(yīng)溫度90 ℃、反應(yīng)時間6 h、液固比(體積/質(zhì)量，mL/g)2:1，在此優(yōu)化條件下，釩浸出率可達94%以上；在優(yōu)化條件下，采用兩段逆流浸出，可有效減少活化劑CaF2以及浸出劑硫酸的消耗量；經(jīng)過兩段逆流浸出−萃取−反萃−氧化水解工藝，全流程釩資源總回收率可達86.9%；V2O5產(chǎn)品純度高于99.5%。
關(guān)鍵字: 石煤；釩；活化酸浸；活化劑；浸出率
（Research and Design Institute of Metallurgy, Beijing General Research Institute of Metal and Metallurgy,
Beijing 100070, China）
Abstract:The method of activated sulfuric acid leaching of stone coal vanadium ore was studied. The effects of the ore particle sizes, sulfuric acid concentration, amount of active agent and catalyst agent, reaction temperature, reaction time and liquid to solid ratio on the leaching rate of vanadium were investigated, respectively. The results show that the optimal conditions of leaching vanadium from stone coal are as follows: stone coal with size less than 74 μm accounting for 80%, sulfuric acid concentration 150 g/L, dosage of active agent (relative to ore) CaF2 60 kg/t, dosage of catalyst R 20 g/L, reaction temperature 90 ℃, reaction time 6 h and liquid to solid ratio (volume/mass, mL/g) 2:1. Under the best condition, the leaching rate of vanadium can be higher than 94%. Under the optimum condition, the two-stage counter-current leaching process was employed, and the dosages of sulfuric acid and active agent CaF2 can be saved. The total recovery rate of vanadium is 86.9% throughout the whole process of two-stage counter-current leaching−solvent extraction−stripping−oxydrolysis. The purity of product V2O5 is higher than 99.5%.
Key words: stone coal; vanadium; activated acid leaching; active agent; leaching rate
