(1. 清華大學(xué) 機械工程系，北京 100084；2. 教育部先進(jìn)成形制造重點實驗室，北京 100084)
摘 要: 指出吹氣法制備泡沫鋁的單爐發(fā)泡工藝必定會有熔體剩余，并進(jìn)行了實驗驗證。建立了單爐發(fā)泡工藝中顆粒含量和吹氣深度的微分方程，其邊界條件就是泡沫的穩(wěn)定判據(jù)公式。對含公稱直徑9 μm Al2O3顆粒的兩個 A356鋁合金發(fā)泡過程進(jìn)行了計算，并與實驗值比較。結(jié)果表明：計算時，盡管由于將顆粒直徑和吸附系數(shù)取為定值，使計算存在誤差，但結(jié)論仍然合理可信；為減少單爐發(fā)泡過程的熔體剩余，應(yīng)該提高顆粒含量和初始吹氣深度，減小顆粒尺寸和臨界覆蓋率。
關(guān)鍵字: 泡沫鋁；吹氣法；單爐生產(chǎn)；穩(wěn)定性；熔體剩余
（1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2. Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, China）
Abstract:It was presented that there must be some melt residual in batch type gas injection foaming process of aluminum. And it was proved by experiments. The differential equation of particle content and gas injection depth in the batch type process was presented, by which the melt residual ratio was predicted with the stability criterion equation as boundary condition. The residual ratio of the melt containing Al2O3 particles with 9 μm in nominal particles was calculated in two foaming process. The calculation results were compared with the experimental data. The results show that, although the calculations have some errors as the particle diameter and the adsorption coefficient are all regarded as the constant, the conclusions are also reasonable. For decreasing the residual melt, the particle content and the initial injection depth should increase, and the particle diameter and the critical coverage ratio should decrease.
Key words: aluminum foam; gas injection; batch type production; stability; residual melt
