(山東理工大學(xué) 化學(xué)工程學(xué)院，淄博 255049)
摘 要: 采用新型微波合成方法制備溴代氯鋁酸離子液體，測試其物理化學(xué)性能，并將其作為電解質(zhì)應(yīng)用于鋁的電沉積。通過測定循環(huán)伏安曲線、計(jì)時(shí)電流曲線以及極化曲線探討鋁在2AlCl3/[EMIM]Br離子液體中的電沉積機(jī)理。室溫下在銅基體上進(jìn)行鋁的恒電位沉積，沉積層形貌以及結(jié)構(gòu)特性分別用SEM、XRD進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明：溴代氯鋁酸離子液體的新型微波合成與普通微波合成相比，大大縮短了反應(yīng)時(shí)間，提高了產(chǎn)品性能；鋁的電沉積為準(zhǔn)可逆的動力學(xué)行為，沉積過程非單純的擴(kuò)散控制而是復(fù)雜的動力學(xué)限制步驟；鋁在不同電位下的沉積層大致分為3種典型形貌，并對各種形貌產(chǎn)生的原因及特征進(jìn)行分析。
關(guān)鍵字: 微波合成；電沉積；活化極化；濃差極化
（School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China）
Abstract:A new microwave synthesis method was proposed to prepare bromo-chloroaluminate ionic liquid. The physical and chemical characteristics of this ionic liquid were tested and the ionic liquid was used as the electrolyte in aluminium electrodeposition. Electrochemical techniques of cyclicvoltammetry, chronoamperometry and polarization curve (tafel) were used to investigate the mechanism of aluminium electrodeposition from 2AlCl3/[EMIM]Br ionic liquid. Constant potential electrodepositon of aluminium was conducted on the copper substrates at room temperature and the qualitative analysis of the deposits was performed using SEM and XRD, respectively. The results indicate that the reaction time of the new microwave synthesis of bromo-chloroaluminate is drastically reduced, comparing with that of the conventional methods, and the properties of chloroaluminate ionic liquid are improved. Aluminium electrodeposition from this ionic liquid is not a simple linear diffusion controlled process, but a quasi-reversible process with complex kinetic limitations. The aluminium deposits obtained at different potentials are mainly about three typical morphologies and the reason for the three typical morphologies and their characteristics are analyzed.
Key words: microwave synthesis; electrodeposition; activation polarization; concentration polarization
