(中南大學(xué) 資源加工與生物工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 通過浮選實(shí)驗(yàn)、沉降實(shí)驗(yàn)、Zeta電位測試、紅外光譜測試和顯微鏡下觀測考察六偏磷酸鈉在硫化銅鎳礦浮選中的作用，研究六偏磷酸鈉的分散作用機(jī)理。人工混合礦實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：鎳黃鐵礦易與蛇紋石發(fā)生異相凝聚，降低鎳黃鐵礦的浮選回收率；六偏磷酸鈉能提高人工混合礦的分散性，實(shí)現(xiàn)鎳黃鐵礦與蛇紋石的浮選分離。硫化銅鎳礦實(shí)際礦石浮選結(jié)果表明：六偏磷酸鈉能較好地分散礦漿，當(dāng)原礦鎳品位為0.33%時，通過兩次粗選就能得到合格的鎳精礦產(chǎn)品，鎳總回收率為80.27%。作用機(jī)理研究表明：六偏磷酸鈉通過化學(xué)吸附以及溶出蛇紋石表面的鎂離子兩種方式調(diào)整蛇紋石的表面電性，進(jìn)而分散鎳黃鐵礦與蛇紋石。
關(guān)鍵字: 六偏磷酸鈉；硫化銅鎳礦；蛇紋石；分散；浮選
（School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Through flotation tests, sedimentation experiments, zeta potential measurements, infrared spectroscopic analysis and observation under microscope, the effect of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) on the flotation of copper-nickel sulphide was investigated, and the dispersive mechanism of sodium hexametaphosphate was studied. The results of tests on artificial mixed mineral show that the hetero-coagulation between pentlandite and serpentine decreases the flotation recovery of pentlandite, the sodium hexametaphosphate can fulfil the flotation separation of pentlandite and serpentine by promoting the dispersion of artificial mixed mineral. The flotation results of copper-nickel sulphide ores indicate that sodium hexametaphosphate can disperse pulp effectively. The qualified nickel concentrate products can be obtained by two roughing with total nickel recovery of 80.27%. The mechanisms demonstrate that the sodium hexametaphosphate adjusts the surface potential of serpentine through chemical adsorption and dissolving magnesium ions from serpentine surface, and then disperses pentlandite and serpentine.
Key words: sodium hexametaphosphate; copper-nickel sulphide; serpentine; dispersion; flotation
