(1. 西安理工大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，西安 710048；
2. 西安交通大學(xué) 理學(xué)院，西安 710049)
摘 要: 以松裝熔滲−熱旋鍛技術(shù)制備的鎢銅線材為電極和被燒材料分別進(jìn)行燒蝕實(shí)驗(yàn)，研究其燒蝕特性。利用帶能譜的掃描電鏡分析鎢銅線材燒蝕前后的組織形貌、物相組成和質(zhì)量變化。結(jié)果表明：鎢銅線材由鎢和銅兩相組成，鎢顆粒鑲嵌在銅相中形成致密的網(wǎng)絡(luò)狀結(jié)構(gòu)。作為電極，線材沿橫向和縱向均有銅相飛濺、揮發(fā)，僅留下近球狀的鎢骨架，線材的燒蝕速率較大。作為被燒材料，在靠近電極附近，銅相揮發(fā)完全，線材鎢骨架裸露在電弧高溫作用下形成脆性的氧化物，呈針狀結(jié)構(gòu)；而在遠(yuǎn)離電極區(qū)域的線材表面出現(xiàn)龜裂現(xiàn)象，同時(shí)線材的燒蝕速率較小。
關(guān)鍵字: 鎢銅線材；顯微組織；燒蝕性能；熱旋鍛
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China;
2. School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China）
Abstract:The microstructure, phase composition and mass variation of W-Cu wire made by loose, packing infiltration- hot swaging were studied by scanning electrical microscopy. The results show that the W-Cu wire constitutes tungsten phase and copper phase, the tungsten particles embed in copper phase to form a network structure. As electrode, the splashing and volatilization of copper phase happen along both cross range and longitudinal direction, only tungsten skeleton is left, its mass ablation rate is larger. As burned material, the copper phase all volatilizes close to the electrode, the tungsten skeleton exposed under the high arc temperature forms fragile oxides, which present needle structure. The wire surface appears alligator cracking far from the electrode and its mass ablation rate is relatively smaller.
Key words: W-Cu wire; microstructure; ablation properties; hot swaging
