(1. 江蘇師范大學(xué) 機(jī)電工程學(xué)院，徐州 221116；
2. 江蘇科技大學(xué) 先進(jìn)焊接技術(shù)省級重點實驗室，鎮(zhèn)江 212003；
3. 南京航空航天大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院，南京210016)
摘 要: 稀土元素以其獨特的優(yōu)勢被稱為金屬材料的維他命，稀土元素的添加可以在不同程度上提高無鉛釬料的性能。結(jié)合國內(nèi)外在含稀土元素?zé)o鉛釬料研究領(lǐng)域的最新研究成果，綜合評論稀土元素對無鉛釬料組織和性能的影響，闡述含稀土元素的無鉛焊點可靠性研究現(xiàn)狀，為該釬料的實際應(yīng)用提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐，分析過量稀土元素對無鉛釬料表面錫須的影響，探討錫須的生長機(jī)制及潛在的問題，最后綜合評述含稀土無鉛釬料在研究過程中存在的問題以及相應(yīng)的解決措施，為含稀土元素?zé)o鉛釬料的研究和應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵字: 稀土元素；無鉛釬料；可靠性；錫須
（1. School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China;
2. Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,
Zhenjiang 212003, China;
3. College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,
Nanjing 210016, China）
Abstract:The rare earth (RE) elements due to its particular function were called the vitamin of metals, RE can greatly enhance the properties of lead-free solders in different degrees. Based on the development of lead-free solders bearing RE at home and abroad, the effect of RE on the properties and microstructures of lead-free solders was reviewed systematically. The recent progress of soldered joints reliability was expatiated, which can provide data support for the application of these lead-free solders bearing RE. Through analyzing the tin whiskers of lead-free solders bearing excessive RE, the growth mechanism and possible issues were discussed. The problems and difficulty in the process of the applications of lead-free solders bearing RE were analyzed synchronously, some suggestions were put forward which maybe solve the issues mentioned above, which may provide theory guide for the investigation of lead-free solders bearing RE.
Key words: rare earth; lead-free solders; reliability; whiskers
