(1. 中南大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083；
2. 中南大學(xué) 有色金屬材料科學(xué)與工程教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用正交試驗(yàn)法，結(jié)合金相、X射線衍射、掃描電鏡、能譜和力學(xué)性能等分析測試手段，對一種自主研發(fā)的Cu-Al-Fe-Ni變形鋁青銅的固溶和時效強(qiáng)化工藝進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明：固溶時效工藝參數(shù)對合金抗拉強(qiáng)度、伸長率和硬度的作用主次順序?yàn)闀r效溫度、固溶溫度、時效時間、固溶時間，其中溫度對合金力學(xué)性的影響趨勢單一，但時間的影響較復(fù)雜。經(jīng)優(yōu)化獲得的最佳固溶時效工藝為：先在880 ℃下固溶3 h、水淬，再在 480 ℃下時效1 h、空冷。合金的抗拉強(qiáng)度達(dá)810 MPa，伸長率達(dá)9%，硬度達(dá)255 HB，其綜合力學(xué)性能比擠壓態(tài)合金的有較大幅度的提高；軟硬相的面積比及其顯微硬度對合金的力學(xué)性能有較大的影響。
關(guān)鍵字: 變形鋁青銅；固溶；時效；正交設(shè)計；力學(xué)性能
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The solution and aging treatments of a novel Cu-Al-Fe-Ni wrought aluminum bronze were investigated by orthogonal experiments. The methods of analysis and test include OM, XRD, SEM, EDS and mechanical tests. The results show that the acting order of parameters of solution and aging on the mechanical properties is as follows: aging temperature, solution temperature, aging time, and solution time. The influence of solution temperature and aging temperature on the mechanical properties is single, while the influence with the solution time and aging time is more complex. By optimization, the best solution and aging processes are confirmed as: solution treated at 880 ℃ for 3 h and then aged at 480 ℃ for 1 h. The comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloy treated under the optimized processes are greatly improved (σb=810 MPa, δ=9%, 255 HB). The area ratio of soft phases to hard phases and their microhardnesses have great influences on the mechanical properties.
Key words: wrought aluminum bronze; solution; aging; orthogonal design; mechanical properties
