(南京航空航天大學(xué) 機(jī)電工程學(xué)院，南京 210016)
摘 要: 在磨擦輔助電鑄鎳過(guò)程中，通過(guò)改變游離微珠對(duì)電鑄層表面的磨擦強(qiáng)弱，制備不同力學(xué)性能的鎳電鑄層。對(duì)所制備鎳電鑄層的表面形貌、織構(gòu)等微觀結(jié)構(gòu)和顯微硬度、抗拉強(qiáng)度及伸長(zhǎng)率等性能進(jìn)行測(cè)試和分析。結(jié)果表明：采用臥式放置的陰極能制得材料組織結(jié)構(gòu)均勻的電鑄層。且隨著陰極表面線速度的提高，游離微珠對(duì)電鑄層的整平作用和晶粒細(xì)化作用增強(qiáng)。在不同線速度下采用旋轉(zhuǎn)陰極可以制備大范圍力學(xué)性能的鎳電鑄層，其表面粗糙度為0.15~0.03 μm、硬度為185~410HV、抗拉強(qiáng)度為525~1 020 MPa、伸長(zhǎng)率為24%~4%。
關(guān)鍵字: 鎳；電鑄；力學(xué)性能；摩擦
（College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,
Nanjing 210016, China）
Abstract:During the abrasive-assisted electroforming process of nickel, the electroformed nickel deposits with different mechanical properties were prepared by changing the friction strength of the free particles on the surface of the deposits. The morphology and texture of the deposits were studied, and the microhardness, tensile strength and elongation were also measured. The results show that the homogeneous microstructure of the deposits is obtained with the horizontal cathode. The surface smoothness is improved and the nickel crystal grain is refined with the increase of the linear velocity on the surface of the cathode. The electroformed nickel deposits can be obtained with a wide range of mechanical properties at different speeds of the rotating cathode. The surface roughness of the electroformed nickel deposits is in the range from 0.15 μm to 0.03 μm, the hardness is in the range from 185HV to 410HV, the tensile strength is in the range from 525 MPa to 1 020 MPa, and the elongation is in the range from 24% to 4%.
Key words: nickel; electroforming; mechanical performance; friction
