(中南大學(xué) 冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 在500~900 ℃的活化溫度下，以酚醛樹脂為碳源，采用模板−物理活化聯(lián)合法制備系列超級電容電池用層次孔結(jié)構(gòu)雙功能碳負(fù)極材料。借助掃描電鏡、透射電鏡及比表面積測試儀分析材料的物理結(jié)構(gòu)，組裝模擬電容器和對鋰半電池，利用恒流充放電法及循環(huán)伏安法考察其電化學(xué)行為。結(jié)果表明：制備的層次孔結(jié)構(gòu)碳材料具有較大的中微孔結(jié)構(gòu)和局域石墨微晶結(jié)構(gòu)；在LiPF6/EC+DMC和Et4NBF4/AN兩種電解液中均表現(xiàn)出良好的電化學(xué)性能；其中以活化溫度為600 ℃時制備的碳材料性能最優(yōu)，其鋰離子半電池可逆容量達(dá)到611.2 mA∙h/g (0.2C)，50次循環(huán)效率為74%，6C倍率下穩(wěn)定可逆容量仍高達(dá)223 mA∙h/g，模擬電容器比電容高達(dá)143 F/g (0.1 A/g)，且倍率性能優(yōu)異。
關(guān)鍵字: 超級電容電池；層次孔結(jié)構(gòu)；石墨微晶；碳負(fù)極材料
graphitization carbon anode
（School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:A series of hierarchical porous graphitization carbon (HPGC) anode materials were synthesized for super lithium ion capacitor (SLIC) using phenolic resin as carbon precursor through physical activation-templating combined methods between 500−900 ℃. The structure of HPGC was investigated by SEM, TEM and nitrogen adsorption. The electric double layer capacitor and half-cell were fabricated to investigate the electrochemical performances of HPGC anode materials by charge-discharge of constant current and potential-sweep cyclic voltammetry. The results show that the macro-meso-microporous pore-size distribution and graphite microcrystalline structure of HPGC. The HPGC anodes exhibit good performance in both LiPF6/EC+DMC and Et4NBF4/AN electrolyte. The carbon material obtained at 600 ℃ (HPGC−600) has the optimal electrochemical performance. The reversible charge capacity reaches 611.2 mA∙h/g (0.2C), and the rate of capacity retention is 74% after 50 cycles. The reversible capacity at 6C is 225 mA∙h/g. The capacitance of HPGC in capacitor reaches 143 F/g (0.1 A/g), and the rate performance is good.
Key words: super lithium ion capacitor; hierarchical pore structure; graphite microcrystalline; carbon anode
