(1. 中南大學 有色金屬成礦預測教育部重點實驗室，長沙 410083；
2. 中南大學 地球科學與信息物理學院，長沙 410083；
3. 銅陵有色金屬集團控股有限公司 銅山銅礦，銅陵 247127)
摘 要: 從地層、構(gòu)造、巖漿巖與成礦的關(guān)系入手，對本區(qū)成礦地質(zhì)條件進行分析，指出石炭系中上統(tǒng)黃龍組和船山組為礦區(qū)最主要的賦礦層位，其灰?guī)r巖性是形成接觸交代礦床的最有利的巖性，且與泥盆系上統(tǒng)五通組和二疊系上統(tǒng)砂頁巖構(gòu)成了構(gòu)造薄弱面——鈣硅界面，有利于礦液的運移和礦質(zhì)的沉淀；五通組石英砂巖為礦體定位起隔擋屏蔽作用；斷裂構(gòu)造F1為礦液運移、礦體定位的關(guān)鍵因素；燕山期的巖漿活動為成礦提供了物質(zhì)來源、成礦流體和熱能，是成礦的第一要素。在此基礎上，結(jié)合本區(qū)成礦物質(zhì)來源、形成條件、控礦因素、礦化形式以及成礦作用等方面的特征，對銅山銅礦的礦床成因進行了探討，認為銅山銅礦包括多種礦化成因類型，整體上屬以矽卡巖型成礦作用為主的燕山期巖漿熱液銅鐵金硫成礦系列。
關(guān)鍵字: 成礦地質(zhì)條件；成礦過程；礦床成因；銅山銅礦
Tongshan copper deposit in Guichi, Anhui Province, China
（1. Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals, Ministry of Education,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. Tongshan Copper Deposit, Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Company Limited, Tongling 247127, China）
Abstract:The analysis of geological conditions was researched based on the relationship between mineralization and strata, structure, magmatite rock of Tongshan copper diposit. The results show that the C2h+3c, limestone lithology which is beneficial to form contact metasomatic deposit and weak structure plane, Ca-Si interface, which is favorable for ore-forming fluid migration and ore-forming materials precipitation, is the main stratum containing orebody. The quartz sandstone in D3W is shielding for orebody location, the fault F1 is the key factor of ore fluid migration and orebody location, the magma activity of Yanshanian is the first factor for offering material source, ore-forming fluid and heat energy. On this basis, the genesis of deposit was researched combining with the ore-forming material, formation conditions, ore-controlling factors, metallization form and mineralizing process. The results show that the Tongshan copper deposit includes variety metallization genesis types, including Yanshanian magmatic hydrothermal copper and iron sulfide gold mineralization series controlled by skarn type minerogenesis on the whole.
Key words: ore-forming geological conditions; ore-forming process; deposit genesis; Tongshan copper deposit
