(1. 中南大學(xué) 冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083；2. 山東理工大學(xué) 化學(xué)工程學(xué)院，淄博 255081)
摘 要: 運(yùn)用X射線衍射、掃描電鏡和X射線能譜等分析手段，對山東某地深度氧化鋅貧礦提鋅后渣進(jìn)行工藝礦物學(xué)特征分析可知，礦物中金屬賦存狀態(tài)復(fù)雜，屬難選礦物。開發(fā)出氯鹽一步法浸出鉛和銀的新工藝，考察反應(yīng)溫度、NaCl濃度、添加劑用量、液固比、HCl加入量和浸出時間對浸出過程的影響。結(jié)果表明：加入添加劑對鉛的浸出率沒有影響，但可以顯著提高銀的浸出率。條件試驗(yàn)研究得出最佳工藝條件如下：浸出溫度90 ℃、NaCl濃度390 g/L、添加劑用量15 mL、液固比(質(zhì)量比)7׃1、HCl加入量3 mL、浸出時間3 h。在此最佳工藝條件下，鉛的浸出率達(dá)到95%左右，銀的浸出率達(dá)到90%左右。
關(guān)鍵字: 氧化鋅貧礦；鉛；銀；提鋅渣；氯鹽；浸出
residue after zinc extraction of low-grade zinc oxide ores
（1. School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. College of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255081, China）
Abstract:According to the mineral analysis of the residue after zinc extraction of low-grade zinc oxide by XRD, SEM and EDS, the occurring state of metals is complicated and difficult to be treated by mineral process. A novel process of treating the residue by chloride leaching was developed. The effects of experimental conditions, i.e., reaction temperature, NaCl concentration, liquid-solid ratio, HCl amount and immersion time, on the leaching process were investigated. The results show that the additive does not affect the leaching rate of Pb, while it can increase the leaching rate of Ag significantly. The best technology conditions are obtained as follows: leaching temperature 90 ℃, NaCl concentration 390 g/L, additive amount 15 mL, liquid-solid ratio (mass ratio) 7:1, HCl amount 3 mL and immersion time 3 h. Under the optimal conditions the leaching rates of Pb and Ag can reach about 95% and 90%, respectively.
Key words: low-grade zinc oxide ore; Pb; Ag; residue after zinc extraction; chloride; leaching
