(1. 北京化工大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，北京 100029；
2. 中國(guó)文化遺產(chǎn)研究院 保護(hù)科學(xué)技術(shù)研究所，北京 100029)
摘 要: 采用在含模擬土壤介質(zhì)(0.010 4 mol/L Na2SO4+0.028 2 mol/L NaCl+0.016 4 mol/L NaHCO3)的土壤中埋藏鑄造青銅試樣的方法研究高錫青銅的土壤腐蝕規(guī)律；采用金相顯微鏡觀察腐蝕前后青銅的結(jié)構(gòu)變化，掃描電鏡(SEM)并結(jié)合能譜(EDS)對(duì)微區(qū)成分進(jìn)行分析；用X射線熒光光譜(XRF)檢測(cè)埋藏試樣周圍土壤中元素含量，同時(shí)用殘留因子fCu/Sn和fCu/Pb定量分析腐蝕產(chǎn)物中Cu、Sn和Pb的殘留情況。結(jié)果表明：在該環(huán)境下高錫青銅腐蝕首先從α相與δ相界面開始，且α相先于δ相發(fā)生腐蝕，留下未腐蝕的島嶼狀δ相；高錫青銅腐蝕過(guò)程中Cu優(yōu)先向周圍土壤中遷移，最終形成的含O、C腐蝕產(chǎn)物中富含Sn和Pb。
關(guān)鍵字: 高錫青銅；土壤；腐蝕；遷移
high tin content after soil corrosion
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
2. Protection Institute of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage, Beijing 100029, China）
Abstract:The soil corrosion rule of the bronze with high tin content was researched by burying the metal samples in the soil containing the simulated the edaphic elecrdyte (0.010 4 mol/L Na2SO4+0.028 2 mol/L NaCl+0.016 4 mol/L NaHCO3) aimed at simulating the underground water. The morphology change before and after the corrosion was observed by metalloscopy, and SEM combined with EDS was used to analyze the micro-area composition of the corroded sample. Further research with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) was carried out to measure the content of the elements in the soil around the bronze sample. Then, factors fCu/Sn and fCu/Pb were used to make a quantitative analysis of the residual elements Cu, Sn and Pb in the corrosion products. The results show that the corrosion firstly occurs on the interface between the α phase and δ phase, α phase is prior to be corroded, with the island-shaped δ phase uncorroded and left. Cu is prior to diffuse into the surrounding soil, leaving the corrosion products containing O and C rich in Sn and Pb.
Key words: High-tin bronze; soil; corrosion; diffusion
