(1. 中南大學(xué) 資源與安全工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083；
2. 深部金屬礦產(chǎn)開發(fā)與災(zāi)害控制湖南省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗室，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 從深部開采環(huán)境闡述了金屬礦硬巖在高地應(yīng)力作用下的儲能特征，并從深部開采工藝方面分析了隨著金屬礦山開采深度的不斷增加，連續(xù)采礦方法已經(jīng)成為未來深部開采的必然趨勢。通過分析，認(rèn)為處于高應(yīng)力下的硬巖礦體在承受連續(xù)采礦法帶來的動力擾動時，可以認(rèn)為是巖石動靜組合的受力問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上，利用巖石動靜組合加載理論分析了硬巖礦山在深部開采中的幾個關(guān)鍵動力學(xué)問題，主要包括：硬巖礦山深部開采中的系統(tǒng)擾動和巖爆、深部開采中爆破引發(fā)的礦震及巷道失穩(wěn)現(xiàn)象、深部硬巖開采中的能量釋放與有序調(diào)控。理論分析和工程實(shí)踐證明，硬巖金屬礦山深部開采中存在的很多動力學(xué)問題可以利用巖石動靜組合加載理論進(jìn)行科學(xué)論證和分析，這對深部采礦的工程實(shí)踐有較好的指導(dǎo)意義。
關(guān)鍵字: 硬巖；金屬礦山；深部開采；動力學(xué)問題；巖爆；誘導(dǎo)崩落；非爆開采
（1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Hunan Key Lab of Resources Exploitation and Hazard Control for Deep Metal Mines, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The energy storage characteristics of hard rock in metal mines under high stress was described from the deep mining environment. And the inevitable trend of continuous mining methods in the future with the increase of exploitation depth of metal mines was also analyzed. For hard rock in metal mines under high stress, the dynamic disturbance caused by continuous mining was conducted on it, which can be considered as a mechanical problem coupled static and dynamic loads. On this basis, three key dynamics problems were analyzed by using the theory of coupled loads as follows: the system disturbance and rock burst in deep metal mines exploitation, mine earthquake and drift instability caused by blasting in deep mines, energy release and orderly regulation in deep metal mines exploitation. Theoretical analysis and engineering practice proved that several dynamics problems in deep metal mines can be explained by using the theory of coupled static and dynamic loads, which will provide some engineering practice guidance for deep exploitation.
Key words: hard rock; metal mines; deep exploitation; dynamics problems; rock burst; induced caving; non-blasting exploitation
