(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 國(guó)土資源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093；2. 山東省費(fèi)縣國(guó)土資源局，費(fèi)縣 273400)
摘 要: 研究云南錫業(yè)公司(云錫)脈錫型尾礦粗粒部分的工藝礦物學(xué)特性；開(kāi)發(fā)焙燒−凝聚−磁選回收錫和鐵的短流程新工藝；采用SEM、XRD和EDS等技術(shù)對(duì)原礦和焙砂的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)及礦物組成進(jìn)行表征，分析錫鐵礦物與脈石礦物及錫石與鐵礦物的分離機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明：錫主要呈微細(xì)粒嵌布于或以類質(zhì)同象的形式存在于鐵礦物中，少量錫嵌布于脈石礦物中，采用常規(guī)重選、浮選和磁選等工藝不能有效地分離錫鐵礦物和脈石礦物及綜合回收錫和鐵；采用焙燒−凝聚−磁選新工藝，當(dāng)焙燒溫度為898 K、還原劑3用量為5%(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))、焙燒時(shí)間為40 min和凝聚劑用量為6 kg/t時(shí)，可獲得品位和回收率分別為66.58%和86.16%的鐵精礦以及4.56%和63.80%的錫精礦，實(shí)現(xiàn)了錫鐵礦物與脈石礦物的高效分離及錫和鐵的同步回收。
關(guān)鍵字: 脈錫尾礦；焙燒；凝聚；磁選；短流程
（1. Faculty of Land and Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,
Kunming 650093, China;
2. Feixian Bureau of Land and Resource, Shandong Province, Feixian 273400, China）
Abstract:A short-process and novel technology of recovering tin and iron by roasting−cohesion−magnetic separation from the coarse-grained part of the vein tin tailings in Yunnan Tin Group in China, was developed based on the investigation on properties of mineralogy. The changes in micromorphology and phase composition were discussed by SEM, EDS and XRD, and the separation mechanism of tin and iron minerals with gangue minerals or tin minerals with iron minerals was analyzed. The results show that tin minerals are mainly disseminated in iron minerals in the form of superfine grains and isomorphism, and few in gangue minerals. Thus, the gravity, flotation and magnetic process are unable to separate tin and iron minerals from gangue minerals effectively or recover tin and iron comprehensively. The iron concentrate with a grade of 66.58% Fe and a recovery of 86.16% and the tin concentrate with a grade of 4.56% Sn and a recovery of 63.80% can be obtained under the conditions of roasting temperature of 898 K, roasting time of 40 min, mass fraction of reducing agent 3 of 5% (mass fraction) and cohesion agent of 6 kg/t by the new technology. The high-efficiently separation and synchronous recovery of tin and iron minerals are realized.
Key words: vein tin tailings; roasting; cohesion; magnetic separation; short-process
