(昆明理工大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 在氫氣或氫氣和氬氣的混合高壓氣氛中，采用定向凝固技術(shù)制備規(guī)則多孔銅材料；在室溫下測(cè)試不同氣孔率規(guī)則多孔銅在不同方向的壓縮性能；研究氣孔率和壓縮方向?qū)σ?guī)則多孔銅力學(xué)性能的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)氣孔率和壓縮方向不同時(shí)，規(guī)則多孔銅的壓縮應(yīng)力—應(yīng)變曲線表現(xiàn)出不同的特征；當(dāng)壓縮方向相同時(shí)，規(guī)則多孔銅的壓縮屈服強(qiáng)度隨氣孔率的增加而降低；規(guī)則多孔銅的力學(xué)性能呈現(xiàn)明顯的各向異性，其屈服強(qiáng)度和能量吸收能力隨著壓縮方向與氣孔方向夾角的增大而減小；當(dāng)壓縮方向與氣孔方向的夾角為0°時(shí)，其屈服強(qiáng)度和能量吸收能力最大。
關(guān)鍵字: 規(guī)則多孔銅; 定向凝固; 屈服強(qiáng)度; 壓縮變形
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,
Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:Porous copper with long cylindrical pores aligned in one direction was fabricated by directional solidification under high-pressure atmosphere of hydrogen or gas mixture of hydrogen and argon. Compressive tests of the ordered porous copper with different porosities in different directions were carried out. The relationship between strength and porosity or compressive direction was investigated. The results show that the compressive stress−strain curves vary with porosity and compressive direction. Under the same compressive direction, as the porosity increases, the compressive yield strength of the ordered porous copper decreases. The mechanical properties of the ordered porous copper show obvious anisotropy, and the yield strength and energy absorption capacity of the ordered porous copper decrease with the increase of the angle between pore axis and compressive direction. The yield strength and energy absorption capacity of porous copper are the largest when the angle between pore axis and compressive direction is equal to 0°.
Key words: ordered porous copper; unidirectional solidification; yield strength; compressive deformation
