(南京工業(yè)大學(xué) 機(jī)械與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院，南京 210009)
摘 要: 借助有限元軟件ABAQUS6.5模擬研究20碳鋼作基管、316L不銹鋼作內(nèi)襯管的雙金屬?gòu)?fù)合管的拉拔成形過(guò)程，分析穩(wěn)定拉拔階段成形區(qū)內(nèi)軸向、徑向和環(huán)向應(yīng)力的分布，找出拉拔后襯管出現(xiàn)橫裂、縱裂及模具受磨損的原因，探討拉拔力和內(nèi)外管間殘余接觸壓力的分布規(guī)律。通過(guò)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)法進(jìn)一步研究拉拔參數(shù)(模具錐半角α、過(guò)渡圓弧半徑r、定徑帶長(zhǎng)度l、摩擦因數(shù)μ、拉拔速度v、模具直徑d)對(duì)拉拔20/316L雙金屬?gòu)?fù)合管的影響，采用極差和方差分析法對(duì)模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析，得到復(fù)合管在最大殘余接觸壓力條件下的最優(yōu)拉拔工藝參數(shù)(α=11˚、r=3 mm、l=7 mm、μ=0.05、v=0.03 m/s、d=17.3 mm)及各因素對(duì)分析指標(biāo)的影響規(guī)律。在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)優(yōu)化方案進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬，模擬結(jié)果表明了正交實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)拉拔復(fù)合管參數(shù)優(yōu)化的有效性。應(yīng)用拉拔試驗(yàn)表明，參數(shù)優(yōu)化后的硬質(zhì)合金拉拔模具的工作壽命比未優(yōu)化前硬質(zhì)合金模具的工作壽命高出6倍。
關(guān)鍵字: 雙金屬?gòu)?fù)合管；數(shù)值模擬；殘余接觸壓力；正交實(shí)驗(yàn)法；拉拔參數(shù)；優(yōu)化
20/316L bimetal-lined pipe based on FEM simulation
（College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, China）
Abstract:By means of the finite element analysis software ABAQUS6.5, a drawing forming process of bimetal-lined pipe made of 20 carbon steel as the base tube and 316L stainless steel as the liner tube was simulated to analyze the axial, radial and hoop stress distributions in the forming zone during the stable drawing stage. The reasons of transverse and longitudinal crack on the liner tube and die wear were found. The distributions of drawing force and residual contact pressure between the inner and outer pipe were discussed. The effects of drawing parameters(the semi-angle of drawing dies α, the transition arc radius r, the length of bearing part l, the friction coefficient μ, the drawing velocity v, the diameter of drawing dies d)on drawing 20/316L composite tube were investigated by using orthogonal experiment. The optimal drawing parameters (α=11˚, r=3 mm, l=7 mm, μ=0.05, v=0.03 m/s, d=17.3 mm) under the maximum residual contact pressure and the influence of factors on analysis indexes were obtained according to the simulation results by the methods of range analysis and variance analysis. Then the drawing process was further studied by using these optimal parameters, and the results confirmed the effectiveness of the orthogonal experiment on optimization of drawing composite tube parameters. Compared with the non-optimized parameters cemented carbide drawing dies，the application experiment result shows that the working lifetime of the optimal cemented carbide drawing die can be increased 6 times.
Key words: bimetal-lined pipe; numerical simulation; residual contact pressure; orthogonal experiment method; drawing parameter; optimization
