(中國(guó)科學(xué)院 金屬研究所，沈陽(yáng) 100016)
摘 要: 綜述了自1988年以來(lái)中國(guó)科學(xué)院高溫合金和金屬間化合物研究組(郭建亭研究組)在高溫結(jié)構(gòu)金屬間化合物NiAl及其合金、Ni3Al及其合金、FeAl和Fe3Al及其合金、TiAl合金以及金屬間化合物環(huán)境脆性方面的主要研究成果：NiAl合金超塑性的發(fā)現(xiàn)及其機(jī)理研究；稀土元素改善NiAl合金的室溫塑性和高溫抗氧化性能；NiAl合金的韌脆轉(zhuǎn)變行為及其機(jī)理；納米晶NiAl合金及其復(fù)合材料的強(qiáng)韌化；內(nèi)生顆粒增強(qiáng)NiAl基復(fù)合材料及強(qiáng)韌化機(jī)制；NiAl合金良好的耐高溫摩擦磨損性能及自潤(rùn)滑機(jī)理的發(fā)現(xiàn)；NiAl中合金元素的作用與JJ－3合金的發(fā)展；在國(guó)際上首先發(fā)現(xiàn)適量Zr可韌化無(wú)硼Ni3Al合金；為使Ni3Al強(qiáng)韌化硼含量應(yīng)加至溶解度附近；FeAl合金反常屈服峰的發(fā)現(xiàn)及其機(jī)理研究；微量Mg可明顯改善FeAl和Fe3Al合金的室溫塑性；TiAl-W-Si合金的組織、相轉(zhuǎn)變和界面精細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)；金屬間化合物的環(huán)境脆性實(shí)質(zhì)是氫致脆性；在國(guó)際上首先用第一原理方法（DVM）研究了L12型CO3Ti的環(huán)境脆性。
關(guān)鍵字: 金屬間化合物；NiAl；Ni3Al；FeAl；Fe3Al；TiAl合金；環(huán)境脆性
their strengthening-softening mechanisms
（Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shengyang 100016, China）
Abstract:This review summarizes the main research results of the studies on high temperature structural intermetallic NiAl and its alloys, Ni3Al and its alloys, FeAl and its alloys, Fe3Al and its alloys, TiAl alloys, and environmental
embrittlement in intermetallics in the research group of superallloys and intermetallics (the author’s group) in the past 20 years since 1988. This paper introduces discovery of the superplasticity and its mechanisms of the NiAl alloys, selective addition of rare earth to significantly improve room temperature ductility and high temperature oxidation resistance of NiAl alloys, Brittle to ductile transition (BDT) and its mechanisms of the NiAl alloys, mechanisms of strengthening and toughening of nanocrystalline NiAl and its nanocomposites, in-situ particle-reinforced NiAl composites and mechanisms of strengthening and toughening, discovery of excellent high temperature friction and wear property of NiAl alloy and self-lubrication mechanism, effect of alloying element and development of JJ-3 alloy, discovery of selective addition of Zr to improve ductility of B-free Ni3Al alloys firstly in the world, discovery of improvement of strengthening and toughening of Ni3Al with addition of B content to around solubility, discovery of anomalous yield peak in FeAl alloys and its mechanism, selective addition of Mg to significantly improve room temperature ductility and its mechanism, the microstructure, phase transition and interface microstructure of TiAl-W-Si alloy, discovery of environmental embrittlement of intermetallics with its essence being hydrogen induced embrittlement, and investigation of environmental embrittlement and its mechanism of L12 -type Co3Ti alloy with first principle method DVM firstly in the world.
Key words: intermetallics; NiAl; Ni3Al; FeAl; Fe3Al; TiAl alloys, environmental embrittlement
