真空碳熱還原−氯化法煉鋁過(guò)程的影響
(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 真空冶金國(guó)家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室，昆明 650093;
2. 昆明理工大學(xué) 云南省有色金屬真空冶金重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，昆明 650093;
3. 云南師范大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院, 昆明 650092)
摘 要: 采用單因素法，借助XRD、SEM和EDS以及金屬鋁直收率與物料質(zhì)量損失率等手段與方法，分別添加Fe2O3、SiO2與TiO2(均為分析純)，研究鐵、硅和鈦氧化物對(duì)氧化鋁碳熱還原−氯化法煉鋁過(guò)程的影響。結(jié)果表明：在40~100 Pa、1 723~1 733 K添加7.5%~10.0% Fe2O3(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))時(shí)，金屬鋁的直收率達(dá)55.24%~60.60%(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))；而在40~100 Pa、1 763~1 783 K添加2.5%~15.0%SiO2(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))時(shí)，金屬鋁的直收率達(dá)20.12%~28.03%，低于未添加SiO2時(shí)的金屬鋁的直收率；在40~100 Pa、1 763~1 783 K添加10.0% TiO2(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))時(shí)，金屬鋁的直收率達(dá)73.64%，其平均純度達(dá)95.82%。在上述實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下，添加Fe2O3和TiO2有利于氧化鋁的碳熱還原及碳熱−氯化過(guò)程的進(jìn)行，而添加SiO2不利于該法煉鋁過(guò)程的進(jìn)行。
關(guān)鍵字: 氧化鋁；碳熱還原；氯化；鋁冶金
alumina carbothermic reduction-chlorination process in vacuum
（1. National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy,
Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province,
Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China）
Abstract:To investigate the effects of Fe2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 (analytically pure) on the process of aluminum produced by alumina carbothermic reduction-chlorination in vacuum, the methods of single factor method, XRD, SEM, EDS, the recovery rate of Al and reactant mass loss rate were used. The results show that by the addition of 7.5%−10.0% Fe2O3 (mass fraction) under 40−100 Pa and 1 723−1 733 K, the recovery rate of Al reaches 55.24%−60.60%(mass fraction). By the addition of 2.5%−15.0% SiO2 under 40−100 Pa and 1 763−1 783 K, the recovery rate of Al reaches 20.12%−28.03%, which is lower than that without SiO2. By the addition of 10.0% TiO2 under 40−100 Pa and 1 763−1 783 K, the recovery rate of Al reaches 73.64% with the average purity of Al of 95.82%. In a word, addition of Fe2O3 or TiO2 is beneficial to the processes of alumina carbothermic reduction and carbothermic-chlorination, but addition of SiO2 is not beneficial to this aluminum production.
Key words: alumina; carbothermic reduction; chlorination; aluminum metallurgy
