慣性徑向摩擦焊接頭的特性
(1. 重慶大學 機械傳動國家重點實驗室，重慶 400030；2. 重慶大學 材料科學與工程學院，重慶 400030；
3. 中國兵器工業(yè)第五九研究所，重慶 400039)
摘 要: 針對小尺寸異種金屬材料慣性徑向摩擦焊接存在的困難，采用掃描電鏡(SEM)、能譜分析(EDS)、顯微硬度和剪切強度等測試方法，研究小尺寸T3/35CrMnSi異種材料慣性徑向摩擦焊接頭的特征。結(jié)果表明：在接頭過渡區(qū)出現(xiàn)塑性變形層、動態(tài)再結(jié)晶、元素擴散互溶，實現(xiàn)了界面的冶金結(jié)合；接頭界面塑性變形層的厚度隨著主軸轉(zhuǎn)速、摩擦力、頂鍛力的變化而變化；當厚度約為5 μm時，界面結(jié)合質(zhì)量最好；接頭力學性能以及熱影響區(qū)寬度的變化與塑性變形層、馬氏體相變、材料物性有關(guān)；在主軸轉(zhuǎn)速大于1 800 r/min、頂鍛壓力大于190 MPa的情況下，接頭不容易出現(xiàn)缺陷。
關(guān)鍵字: 小尺寸T3銅；35CrMnSi鋼；慣性徑向摩擦焊；塑性變形；顯微硬度；剪切強度
small size T3/35CrMnSi dissimilar metal materials
（1. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;
2.College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;
3.No.59 Institute of China Ordnance Industry, Chongqing 400039, China）
Abstract:Based on the difficulty of inertia radial friction welding small size T3/35CrMnSi dissimilar metal materials, the characteristics of joints of T3/35CrMnSi were analyzed by SEM, EDS, microhardness test and shear strength test. The results show that plastic deformation layer, dynamic recrystallization, and diffusion and dissolution of elements occur in the joint transition region, achieving metallurgical bonding. The thickness of the plastic deformation layer changes with spindle speed, friction pressure, forging pressure; when the thickness is about 5 μm, the interface quality is the best. The joint mechanical properties and the width of heat affected zone are relative to the plastic deformation layer, martensitic transformation and material properties. In the case that the spindle speed is more than 1800 r/min, the forging pressure is more than 190 MPa, the welding joints are bonded successfully and have no local spot defects.
Key words: small size T3 copper; 35CrMnSi steel; inertia radial friction welding; plastic deformation; microhardness; shear strength
