(1. 廣東工業(yè)大學(xué) 環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，廣州 510006；
2. 韶關(guān)學(xué)院 化學(xué)與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院，韶關(guān) 512005)
摘 要: 先采用間歇式固定床真空熱解中試裝置對廢線路板進行真空熱解前處理，然后利用剪切破碎和氣流分選方法對真空熱解渣中的金屬銅進行回收，著重分析與討論真空熱解過程中線路板的分層機理，真空熱解對破碎過程中銅單質(zhì)解離度及破碎規(guī)律的影響，真空熱解對氣流分選過程中銅品位及回收率的影響。結(jié)果表明：真空熱解強化線路板各材料層之間的分層效果顯著，增大了粗粒級破碎物料中銅單質(zhì)的解離度及銅的質(zhì)量分布率，大幅度提高了分選產(chǎn)品中的銅品位及回收率，銅的回收指標遠遠優(yōu)于未經(jīng)真空熱解前處理的線路板。尺寸為40 mm×40 mm的線路板先在升溫速率15 ℃/min、反應(yīng)溫度600 ℃、絕對壓力20 kPa及恒溫時間60 min的條件下進行真空熱解前處理，再經(jīng)剪切破碎，對于粒級為0.45～4.0 mm的破碎產(chǎn)物，銅單質(zhì)的解離度大于97.06%，銅的質(zhì)量分布率為98.64%，回收產(chǎn)品中銅品位為99.50%，銅的總回收率為99.86%。
關(guān)鍵字: 廢線路板；銅；真空熱解；氣流分選；回收
of copper from scrap printed circuit boards
（1. Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
2. College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China）
Abstract:The vacuum pyrolysis pretreatment of scrap printed circuit boards (PCB) was carried out by the batch pilot-scale fixed bed reactor. The copper in the vacuum pyrolysis residues was recovered through shearing-crusher and pneumatic separator. The effects of vacuum pyrolysis pretreatment on the delamination mechanism of PCB, the liberation degree of copper and the crushing disciplinarians during the crushing process, the copper grade and recovery during the pneumatic separation process were studied. The results show that the vacuum pyrolysis intensifies the delamination of PCB, greatly improves the liberation degree of copper and the mass distribution rate of copper in the coarse products, and also significantly increases the copper grade and recovery in the pneumatic separation products. The copper recovery of PCB treated by vacuum pyrolysis is superior to that of untreated PCB. The scrap PCB with particle size of 40 mm×40 mm was treated by vacuum pyrolysis under the conditions of heating rate of 15 ℃/min, pyrolysis temperature of 600 ℃, pyrolysis pressure of 20 kPa and constant temperature time of 60 min, and then crushed by shearing-crusher. The liberation degree of copper is higher than 97.06% and the mass distribution rate of copper is 98.64% for coarse products with grain size of 0.45−4.0 mm. The copper grade is 99.50% and the recovery of copper is 99.86% in the pneumatic separation product.
Key words: scrap printed circuit boards; copper; vacuum pyrolysis; pneumatic separation; recovery
