研究現(xiàn)狀和應(yīng)用展望
(華南理工大學(xué) 機(jī)械與汽車工程學(xué)院 國(guó)家金屬材料近凈成形工程技術(shù)研究中心, 廣州 510640)
摘 要: 綜合目前劇塑性變形方法制備超細(xì)晶及納米晶結(jié)構(gòu)金屬材料的研究現(xiàn)狀，介紹等通道轉(zhuǎn)角擠壓、高壓扭轉(zhuǎn)、累積疊軋焊、多向鍛造等劇塑性變形方法及其特點(diǎn)與原理；探討劇塑性變形金屬材料的組織演變和晶粒細(xì)化機(jī)制；分析金屬材料經(jīng)劇塑性變形后強(qiáng)度與延展性的變化趨勢(shì)，及其對(duì)超塑性變形的影響規(guī)律；展望劇塑性變形方法對(duì)金屬材料應(yīng)用的前景。
關(guān)鍵字: 金屬材料；組織演變；超細(xì)晶；納米晶；劇塑性變形；超塑性
（National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China）
Abstract:With a view to the current researches of ultrafine grained and nano-crystalline metallic materials processed by severe plastic deformation(SPD), several typical methods, characteristics and principle of SPD were introduced, such as equal channel angular pressing, high pressure torsion, accumulative roll-bonding and multiple forging. The microstructural revolution and grain refinement mechanism of metallic materials fabricated by SPD were discussed. The change tendency of the strength and ductility of the metallic material, and the influence rules of superplastic deformation was also analyzed. The application of SPD for metallic materials was prospected.
Key words: metallic material; microstructural revolution; ultrafine grain; nano-crystalline; severe plastic deformation; superplasticity
