(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 新材料技術(shù)研究院，北京 100083；
2. 內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，呼和浩特 010051)
摘 要: 采用Deform-3D有限元軟件，結(jié)合基于逆向工程的焊合面網(wǎng)格修復(fù)技術(shù)，建立方形管分流模雙孔擠壓時(shí)包括焊合過程在內(nèi)的全過程的三維有限元數(shù)值模擬方法，分析分流孔的配置方案對(duì)金屬流動(dòng)行為、擠壓力、擠壓溫度及成形質(zhì)量的影響。結(jié)果表明：中間分流孔與位于兩側(cè)分流孔的面積比值Q1/Q2是影響金屬流動(dòng)均勻性、焊縫位置和制品平直度的重要因素，比值Q1/Q2為0.93~1.03時(shí)，擠出的方管平直度好；分流孔外接圓直徑和擠壓筒直徑的比值對(duì)擠壓過程中溫升的影響較小，而對(duì)擠壓力有一定的影響，當(dāng)該比值為0.82時(shí)擠壓力最小，該比值超過0.82時(shí)擠壓力明顯增加。
關(guān)鍵字: 分流模擠壓；有限元模擬；分流孔面積；金屬流動(dòng)行為
square tube with porthole die
（1. Institute of Advanced Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China）
Abstract:Applying welding plane meshes repairing technology based on reverse engineering and commercial FEM soft Deform-3D, a three dimensions finite element method for simulating the whole diplopore extrusion process of square tube with porthole die, including bonding stage, were developed. The effects of the portholes configuration scheme on the metal flowing behaviors, extrusion load, tube temperature and forming quality were analyzed. The results show that, the area ratio of the center to the side porthole (Q1/Q2) is an important factor affecting the flow uniformity, seam position and straightness of the tube. When the area ratio (Q1/Q2) ranges in 0.93−1.03, the straightness of the extrusion tube is satisfied. The diameter ratio of the porthole circumcircle to the extrusion container (Dc/D) has little effect on the temperature-rising, but has great effect on the extrusion load. When the diameter ratio is 0.82, the extrusion load is at minimum. When the diameter ratio is larger than 0.82, the extrusion load increases obviously.
Key words: porthole die extrusion; finite element simulation; porthole area; metal flowing behavior
