(東北大學(xué)有色冶金系，沈陽110006)
摘 要: 在鋁電解工業(yè)初期，采用分子比3.0左右的電解質(zhì)，電解溫度高達(dá)1 000℃；經(jīng)五十余年后逐漸降低到2.6左右；現(xiàn)在先進(jìn)的大型電解槽已經(jīng)使用了分子比為2.1~2.2的電解質(zhì)，電解溫度降低到950℃左右。采用新型電解槽與低溫度電解( 850~900℃)也許可使電耗率減少到12000 kW· h/t Al。這時(shí)候，鋁電解質(zhì)的分子比和電解法發(fā)明人霍爾原來的專利方案接近了，達(dá)到了一個(gè)新的水平。
關(guān)鍵字: 冰晶石分子比 工業(yè)電解質(zhì) 鋁電解
IN ALUMINIUM ELECTROLYSIS
（Department ofNonferrous Metal Metallurgy,
Northeastern University, Shenyang110006）
Abstract:At the first period of aluminium industry, the cryolite ratio of electrolyte was about 3.0(in mol), and the temperature of electrolysis was about 1000℃. During recent 50 years, the cryolite ratio decreased down to 2.6. At present time it decreased further to 2.1~2.2 in some advanced, high current cells, and the bath temperature reached as low as 950℃. In these advanced cells the current efficiency reached 92%~94% and energy consumption 12000kW·h/t Al. The future development is to use electrolyte with very low ratio less than 2.0.
Key words: cryolite ratio industrial electrolyte aluminium electrolysis
