(1. 西北工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，西安 710072；
2. 西安理工大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，西安 710048)
摘 要: 利用粉末冶金技術(shù)制備出分別摻雜0.3%B、2.0%Nb和1.5%Ce (質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))的WCu電觸頭材料，采用高速攝影技術(shù)和抗電弧燒蝕實(shí)驗(yàn)探討不同摻雜元素對(duì)鎢銅電觸頭材料電弧特性的影響。結(jié)果表明：真空擊穿時(shí)，WCu電觸頭材料的電弧演化過(guò)程可以分為起弧、穩(wěn)定燃燒和滅弧3個(gè)階段；摻雜0.3%B、2.0%Nb和1.5%Ce的WCu電觸頭材料的電弧壽命比未摻雜的長(zhǎng)，截流值小；等離子云體積大，顏色淺，在樣品表面燃燒區(qū)域大，電弧分散，燃弧能量分散；電弧燃燒穩(wěn)定，無(wú)放射狀光芒。含有摻雜元素的WCu電觸頭材料的抗電弧燒蝕性能均得到明顯改善；其中最明顯的為WCu-B電觸頭材料，其抗燒蝕性能提高了近30%。
關(guān)鍵字: WCu電觸頭材料；摻雜；電弧特性
WCu electrical contact materials
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China）
Abstract:The WCu electrical contact materials containing 0.3%B, 2.0%Nb and 1.5%Ce (mass fraction) were produced through powder metallurgy technology. The electrical arc characteristic of different doping elements on the electrical arc characteristics of WCu electrical contact materials and commercial WCu electrical contact alloys were researched by high-speed camera and arc erosion experiment. The results show that the evolution of arc discharge can be divided into arc forming, steady burning of arc and attenuation. Compared with the WCu alloys without doping elements, the WCu alloys with doping elements have the characters, such as longer time for arc formation, shorter time for arc stable burning and larger volume and lighter color of plasmas plumes. The arc is dispersed and stable, and the burning area on the sample surface is bigger. The anti-welding ability of the WCu alloys with doping elements is greatly improved. The best one is WCu-B alloys with anti-welding ability increased by about 30%.
Key words: WCu contact materials; doping; electric arc characteristic
