(東北大學(xué)有色冶金系， 沈陽 110006)
摘 要: 普通無煙煤基陰極炭塊在鋁電解槽中使用4個月左右就石墨化。 為了研究此石墨化機(jī)理，利用20 kW工頻炭管爐進(jìn)行了包括在炭素試樣中添加NaF，Na3AlF6,Na2CO3等并在炭素試樣上通入直流電的試驗。 試驗溫度為1400～1800 ℃，提高溫度的目的是為了加速炭素試樣的石墨化過程； 在高溫下，Na2CO3能夠與碳發(fā)生反應(yīng)生成金屬鈉蒸氣。 試驗結(jié)果表明， 這些因素都能使炭素試樣的石墨化度增大，都具有一定的催化作用。 鋁電解槽炭陰極的石墨化可能是由于氟鹽、金屬鈉和直流電場綜合作用的結(jié)果。
關(guān)鍵字: 關(guān)鍵詞: 炭陰極 石墨化度 催化
（Department of Nonferrous Metallurgy,Northeastern University，Shenyang 110006, P. R. China）
Abstract:The general anthracite carbon cathode used in alumina reduction cell after about 4 months can become graphitization. It is an interesting graphitization phenomenon at low temperature. In order to study the graphitization mechanism，some experiments were carried out in a 20 kW carbon tube furnace.The experiments involved adding additives NaF, Na3AlF6, Na2CO3 to carbon samples，setting up direct current on carbon samples. The experiment temperature was in range of 1 400～1 800 ℃. To raise the experiment temperature is to accelerate the graphitization of carbon samples. Na2CO3 can react with carbon to produce metallic sodium vapor at high temperature. It was found that all these factors can enhance the graphitization centigrade of carbon samples, and they all have some catalytic action on the carbon graphitization. The experiment results showed that the carbon cathode graphitization in alumina reduction cells may be due to the synthetical actions of floride, sodium and direct current.
Key words: carbon cathode graphitization catalytic
