(華南理工大學(xué)應(yīng)用化學(xué)系，廣州 510641；
長(zhǎng)沙礦冶研究院， 長(zhǎng)沙 410012)
摘 要: 以碳酸氫銨為沉淀劑制備了三種混合稀土碳酸鹽晶型沉淀。 研究了攪拌、[NH4HCO3]/[REO] 比、 溫度、 稀土配分、稀土離子濃度和晶種對(duì)沉淀過程的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)前四種因素影響程度較大。 對(duì)于輕稀土型，形成晶型碳酸鹽的最佳工藝條件為溫度10～80 ℃, [NH4HCO3]/[REO] 比3.3～4.0，攪拌0.25～4.0 h; 對(duì)于中釔富銪型，溫度20～60 ℃， [NH4HCO3]/[REO] 比3.4～3.6，攪拌1.0～3.0 h； 對(duì)于重稀土型, 溫度10～70 ℃，[NH4HCO3]/[REO] 比3.4～3.8 ， 攪拌0.5～3.0 h。輕稀土型和中釔富銪型的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)與鑭石型稀土碳酸鹽相近，重稀土型則與水菱釔石型稀土碳酸鹽相似。
關(guān)鍵字: 混合稀土碳酸鹽 晶型沉淀 晶體結(jié)構(gòu)
（Department of Applied Chemistry,South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Changsha 410012, P. R. China）
Abstract:The crystalline precipitation of three kinds of mixed rare earth carbonates were prepared by using ammonium bicarbonate as precipitant. The influence of various parameters, such as stirring, temperature, [NH4HCO3]/[REO] ratio, the distributions of rare earth elements, rare earthion concentration and seeds were studied systematically. The first four parameters have great effects on the precipitation process. The optimal process conditions for the preparation of crystalline precipitation of rare earth carbonates have been proposed: for light rare earth type, temperature 10～80 ℃, [NH4HCO3]/[REO] 3.4～3.6, stirring time 1～3 h; for heavy rare earth type, temperature 10～70 ℃, [NH4HCO3]/[REO] 3.4～3.8, stirring time 0.5～3 h. The crystal structures of light rare earth type and medium-yttrium and rich-europium type rare earth carbonates are similar to that of lanthanite, the crystal structure of heavy rare earth type is similar to that of tengerite.
Key words: mixed rare earth carbonates crystalline precipitation crystal structure
