(1. 中南工業(yè)大學(xué)礦物工程系，長(zhǎng)沙 410083； 2. 金川有色金屬公司，金昌 737104)
摘 要: 由原礦品位為Ni 0.66%，Cu 0.35%，MgO 28.60% 的低品位鎳礦石，采用一種簡(jiǎn)單的浮選工藝流程以及有效的浮選劑，包括乙黃藥(EX)與丁銨黑藥(ABD)的組合捕收劑和脈石礦物抑制劑ACMC(一種改性的羧基甲基纖維素)，獲得含Ni 6.70%，Cu 3.59%，MgO 5 .24%的高品質(zhì)精礦，鎳、銅回收率分別為75.4%， 77.5%。浮選試驗(yàn)顯示，EX與ABD組合捕收劑優(yōu)于丁黃藥(BX)與ABD的組合。其原因可能是EX與ABD 合理搭配使用能發(fā)生“共吸附”，產(chǎn)生“協(xié)同效應(yīng)”；BX與ABD組合使用，發(fā)生了“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)吸附”。ACMC在蛇紋石表面的吸附，大大增強(qiáng)了它的親水性。在精選中添加ACMC 40 g/t，能使精礦中MgO含量從8.74%降到3.69%。 通過(guò)對(duì)ACMC作用前后的蛇紋石和鎳黃鐵礦表面Zeta 電位的測(cè)定，得到一些關(guān)于ACMC作用機(jī)理的證據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵字: 鎳礦石； 浮選； 捕收劑； 改性抑制劑
（1. Central South University of Technology, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
2. Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Company, Jinchang 737104, P. R. China）
Abstract:For low-grade nickel ore composed of nickel sulphide and oxide minerals, the head grades are Ni 0.66%, Cu 0.35% and MgO 28.60% respectively, by using a simple flotation flowsheet including three cleaners and some effective reagents such as the collector-coordinative-reagents of ethyl xanthate(EX) with ammonium butyl dithiophosphate(ABD) and the depressant for serpentine gangue-ACMC, a high quality concentrate with grade of 6.70 % Ni, 3.59% Cu, 5.24% MgO and recoveries of 75.4% Ni, 77.5% Cu are obtained. The flotation tests show that the coordinative use of EX with ABD in proper ratio is better in raising recovery of nickel than coordinative use of butyl xanthate (BX) with ABD. The likely reason of the fact found out in the test is that when EX is combined with ABD, the adsorption on the pentlandite surface is co-operative, thus producing the synergistic effect, whereas when BX is combined with ABD, their adsorption well be competitive. ACMC__a modified carloxy methy cellulose(CMC) is an effective serpentine gangue depressant. Adsorption of ACMC on serpentine surface enhance greatly its hydrophilicity , thus the content of MgO in concentrate can be depressed from 8.74% to 3.69% when 40 g/t of ACMC is added into third cleaner of flotation. Some findings have been made about the action mechanism of ACMC by measuring the Zeta potential of pentlandite and serpentine.
Key words: nickel ores; flotation; collectors; modifying depressants
