(北京有色金屬研究總院 復(fù)合材料研究中心, 北京 100088)
摘 要: 利用ANSYS有限元軟件中的‘生死單元’技術(shù)， 建立了與激光快速成形過(guò)程一致的三維瞬態(tài)薄壁零件溫度場(chǎng)計(jì)算模型。通過(guò)該計(jì)算模型， 可以掌握成形過(guò)程中薄壁零件溫度場(chǎng)隨時(shí)間的變化規(guī)律。 計(jì)算結(jié)果表明， 金屬薄壁零件中， 與x方向溫度梯度相比， y方向溫度梯度占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，因此在薄壁零件冷卻過(guò)程中， 熱量散失主要方向?yàn)?I>y方向。 激光功率越高， y方向溫度梯度也越大， 因此形成的枝晶組織就越細(xì)長(zhǎng)。
關(guān)鍵字: ANSYS; 溫度場(chǎng); 316L不銹鋼; 數(shù)值模擬
（Research Center for Nonferrous Metal Composites,
General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China）
Abstract:By using ‘birth and death’ element technology of the ANSYS software, the FEM model simulating the real process of the metal thin wall fabricated by laser direct deposition was established to calculate the 3D transient temperature field in the thin-wall metal part. The temperature field at different time in the thin-wall metal part can be understood by the FEM model. The calculated results show that, the temperature gradient along y direction within the metal thin wall is absolutely predominant compared with the temperature gradient along x direction, thus heat dissipates mainly along y direction during deposition. The higher the laser power, the greater the temperature gradient along y direction of thin-wall metal part, therefore the finer the dendrites.
Key words: ANSYS software; temperature field; 316L stainless steel; numerical simulation
