(1. 華中科技大學(xué) 力學(xué)系， 武漢 430074;
2. 貴陽(yáng)鋁鎂設(shè)計(jì)研究院， 貴陽(yáng) 550004)
摘 要: 在ANSYS平臺(tái)上采用有限元法和/k-ε/湍流模型求解粘性不可壓縮流體三維雷諾平均的Navier-Stokes方程，計(jì)算在電磁力作用下鋁電解槽液體流動(dòng)。 對(duì)電解質(zhì)和鋁液的流場(chǎng)分別求解， 然后利用分層液體界面壓強(qiáng)連續(xù)條件計(jì)算鋁液表面變形。 230kA電解槽的計(jì)算結(jié)果表明電解質(zhì)和鋁液流動(dòng)為近似水平的兩個(gè)旋渦, 其中一個(gè)旋渦的中央?yún)^(qū)鋁液表面上升，另一個(gè)旋渦中央?yún)^(qū)鋁液表面下降。 流動(dòng)速度從旋渦中心向外增加， 最大速度發(fā)生在電解槽邊壁附近， 并迅速減少為零。 這種速度特性表明電解槽邊壁某些部分承受較大摩擦力。計(jì)算結(jié)果與230kA電解槽在運(yùn)行5個(gè)半月后的實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)基本一致。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁電解槽; 磁流體力學(xué); 有限元法
（1.Department of Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074， China;
2. Guiyang Aluminum-Magnesium Design and Research Institute,
Guiyang 550004, China）
Abstract:Using finite element method and k-ε turbulence model, liquid flows and surface distortion of aluminum liquid in a reduction cell are calculated based on three-dimensional Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equation. The calculation is carried out on ANSYS platform. In general, the vertical flow on interface of two liquid layers is much weaker than the horizontal flows drived by electro-magnetic forces. Flow fields of molten electrolyte and aluminum liquid are solved separately. The surface distortion of aluminum liquid is calculated from the pressure difference on the liquid interface based on pressure continuous condition. Numerical example of 230kA reduction cell is presented. The numerical results indicate that the horizontal flows approximately consist of two vortices. The surface rises up in central area of one vortex, the surface sets down in central area of another vortex. The flow velocity increases outwards from vortex center. The flow velocity reaches maximum at close to cell wall and rapidly decreases to zero. The order of magnitude of flow velocity computed and the interface distortion profile computed are in agreement with measured data of 230kA reduction cell that has been operated for five months.
Key words: aluminum reduction cell; magneto-hydrodynamics; FEM
