(上海交通大學(xué) 塑性成形工程系，上海 200030)
摘 要: 研究了有限體積法模擬金屬塑性成形的基本理論和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)， 得到了適用于塑性成形的有限體積控制方程， 給出了模擬過程中有限體積網(wǎng)格體系的建立、成形過程中金屬流動(dòng)的跟蹤描述和時(shí)間增量步長的確定等技術(shù)處理方法。 然后采用該數(shù)值模擬方法， 對(duì)鋁合金門窗型材的擠壓成形過程進(jìn)行了仿真。 詳細(xì)地分析了該零件在擠壓成形過程中金屬的流動(dòng)情況，給出了成形各階段等效應(yīng)變、 溫度和速度等物理場(chǎng)量的分布情況以及整個(gè)成形過程中模具載荷/行程曲線的變化情況。 研究結(jié)果證明有限體積法是一種行之有效的鋁型材擠壓數(shù)值模擬方法，它可以為鋁型材新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)提供理論指導(dǎo)。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁型材擠壓； 有限體積法； 數(shù)值模擬； 變形跟蹤
（Department of Plasticity Technology,
Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030, China）
Abstract:The basic theory and key technologies of simulation of metal forming processes by finite volume method (FVM) were studied firstly. The governing equations of FVM for metal forming were given. The simulation technologies such as mesh building, material deformation tracking and time increment computation were also provided. Then the extrusion process of an aluminum decoration part in windows was simulated by FVM. The metal flow process was analyzed in details. The distributions of effective strain, temperature and velocity during the aluminum extrusion process were discussed. The curve of load versus stroke was also given. So FVM is proved to be an especially useful numerical simulation method for aluminum extrusion processes. The FVM simulation technology can help the research and development of new aluminum extrusion products.
Key words: aluminum extrusion; finite volume method; numerical simulation; deformation tracking
