(東北大學(xué) 材料與冶金學(xué)院， 沈陽 110004)
摘 要: 采用X射線衍射分析法分析了復(fù)雜鋁電解質(zhì)的物相組成，同時(shí)考察了冷卻速度對(duì)電解質(zhì)物相的影響。物相結(jié)果表明，酸性電解質(zhì)中CaF2的物相與電解質(zhì)的冷卻速度有關(guān), 在急冷條件下，物相包括Na4Ca4Al7F33, β-CaAlF5, α-CaAlF5等多種形式。在堿性電解質(zhì)中氧化鋰的物相為LiF。根據(jù)電解質(zhì)物相結(jié)果給出了分子比的計(jì)算公式，利用氟離子選擇電極法進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，準(zhǔn)確度很高，證明物相結(jié)果是可信的。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁電解質(zhì)；物相；分子比
JIANG Qi-wu, QIU Zhu-xian
（School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:XRD analysis method was applied to investigate the phases of aluminum electrolytes with additives that include CaF2, MgF2 and LiF, and the effect of cooling rate on formation of phases was also considered. The results show that in acidic electrolyte, the phases of calcium fluoride are different at different cooling rates, Na4Ca4Al7F33,β-CaAlF5 and α-CaAlF5 are present at high cooling rate; in basic electrolytes, the phase of lithium fluoride is LiF. The definition and determination of electrolyte cryolite ratio are discussed based on the phases of aluminum electrolyte. The deduced cryolite ratio equation is justified by fluorideion selective electrode analysis.
Key words: aluminum electrolyte; phase; cryolite ratio
