(1. 中南大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程系, 長沙 410083；
2. 寧夏鉭業(yè)股份有限公司，石嘴山 753000)
摘 要: 測(cè)定了3種鈹銅合金帶材經(jīng)時(shí)效處理后的靜態(tài)及動(dòng)態(tài)彎曲應(yīng)力松弛特性，并根據(jù)應(yīng)力松弛行為提出了MAXWELL線彈性粘性體模型，建立了剩余應(yīng)力與時(shí)間及溫度參數(shù)的關(guān)系式，對(duì)靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)應(yīng)力松弛特性進(jìn)行了計(jì)算及預(yù)測(cè)。研究表明，鈹銅材(1.7%～2.0%Be)應(yīng)力松弛曲線可分為2個(gè)階段。在第1階段，應(yīng)力松弛速率很高，溫度高時(shí)，應(yīng)力松弛更快；在第2階段，應(yīng)力松弛比第1階段慢， 但隨溫度的升高，應(yīng)力松弛加快。給出了3種鈹銅合金靜態(tài)及動(dòng)態(tài)應(yīng)力松弛特性的計(jì)算式，比較計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)后可見，該模型對(duì)應(yīng)力松弛行為的預(yù)測(cè)有較好的精確度。
關(guān)鍵字: 鈹銅； 應(yīng)力松弛； MAXWELL模型；彎曲
in bending of Cu-Be alloys
FAN Bo1, ZHOU Zhuo-ping1, CAO Jin-rong2
（1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R.China;
2. Ningxia Tantalum Joint Stock Company Limited,
Shizuishan 753000, P.R.China）
Abstract:The static- and dynamic-stress relaxation characteristics at different temperatures for three kinds of aged Cu-Be alloys which were subjected to bending were determined. The results showed that there is a marked difference in stress relaxation characteristics amongst these alloys, and that the relaxation behavior can be divided into two stages. In the first stage, the rate of the stress relaxation is very fast, however, in the second stage the rate of the stress relaxation is slow. The rate of relaxation will increase quickly with increasing temperature. According to the present investigation, MAXWELL viscoplasticity-elasticity model was suggested to describe the relaxation behavior of the alloys. A formula for the model, including time and temperature parameters, was proposed also. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimentals.
Key words: Cu-Be alloy； stress relaxation; MAXWELL model; bending
