(中國科學(xué)院 金屬研究所， 沈陽材料科學(xué)國家(聯(lián)合)實驗室， 沈陽 110016)
摘 要: 綜述了大功率真空開關(guān)銅鉻觸頭材料最近的進(jìn)展。主要內(nèi)容包括：銅鉻合金的發(fā)明及技術(shù)上的優(yōu)點，銅鉻合金二元相圖上的特點及常規(guī)鑄造工藝上的困難；銅鉻合金的主要制備工藝包括粉末燒結(jié)法、粉末燒結(jié)熔滲法以及自耗電極法等，銅鉻合金中雜質(zhì)的影響，包括殘余氣體的影響、殘余碳的影響及第三組元的影響等。對銅鉻合金及其材料的顯微組織對真空電觸頭的基本電性能(分?jǐn)嚯娏髂芰Γ闺娀g能力，截斷電流等)的影響進(jìn)行了簡要的概述，最后對銅鉻合金進(jìn)一步發(fā)展方向(如鉻粒子細(xì)化， 材料回收及準(zhǔn)快速凝固工藝，噴射成型等)進(jìn)行了簡要的討論。
關(guān)鍵字: 銅合金； 觸頭材料； 制備工藝； 電性能
high power vacuum interrupters
（Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science， Institute of Metal Research，
Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shenyang 110016， P.R.China）
Abstract:The recent development of Cu-Cr contact materials for high power vacuum interrupters is concluded. It includes the origination of Cu-Cr alloy and technical advantages；the characteristic of Cu-Cr binary diagram and the difficulties in convenient casting process；the main preparation processes of Cu-Cr alloy，such as powder sinter， sinter and vacuum infiltrate and arc melting process；the influence of impurities，such as residual gases， residual carbon and the third element in Cu-Cr alloy，on the properties of Cu-Cr alloy etc. Also，it summarizes the effect of Cu-Cr alloy and its microstructure on the basic electrical properties of the vacuum contactor (such as circuit interruption ability，resistance to erosion by arc，current chop etc.). Finally，the developing direction of the Cu-Cr contact materials in the future (Cr particle dispersion，alloy recycle and qui-fast solidification process，and spray forming etc.) are also discussed.
Key words: copper alloy; contact materials; process; electrical properties
