——冶金工藝及材料性能的判據(jù)新技術(shù)
(鋼鐵研究總院, 北京 100081)
摘 要: 提出了原位統(tǒng)計(jì)分布分析的新概念， 它以測(cè)試信息原位性、 原始性、 統(tǒng)計(jì)性為特征， 旨在反映材料中較大尺度(cm2)范圍內(nèi)不同組成定量統(tǒng)計(jì)分布規(guī)律， 系現(xiàn)有宏觀平均含量分析及微觀結(jié)構(gòu)分析之外的另一種材料性能表征技術(shù)。火花光譜單次放電研究表明: 在無(wú)預(yù)燃的情況下，每一個(gè)火花單次放電的信號(hào)都與該材料對(duì)應(yīng)位置(1~4μm)及原始狀態(tài)相關(guān)。 材料的較大尺度范圍內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)預(yù)燃激發(fā)時(shí)，可以獲得幾萬(wàn)至幾百萬(wàn)個(gè)單次放電的信號(hào)， 它們分別與各自放電的原始位置及原始狀態(tài)相對(duì)應(yīng)。 在信號(hào)統(tǒng)計(jì)解析的基礎(chǔ)上， 提出了一些表征材料性狀的新信息， 例如， 在材料中，各元素不同位置含量的統(tǒng)計(jì)定量分布； 各元素偏析度的準(zhǔn)確定量計(jì)算； 元素不同含量在材料中所占的原位置權(quán)重比率(統(tǒng)計(jì)偏析度)； 統(tǒng)計(jì)致密度； 夾雜物及粒度的統(tǒng)計(jì)定量分布等。 該技術(shù)成功地應(yīng)用于連鑄等冶金工藝、材料研究及生產(chǎn)的質(zhì)量判據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵字: 原位統(tǒng)計(jì)分布分析； 火花單次放電； 統(tǒng)計(jì)偏析度；統(tǒng)計(jì)致密度； 夾雜分布
（Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,
Beijing 100081， China）
Abstract:Original position statistic distribution analysis is a new analytical method to determine the quantitative distribution of different chemical compositions and its states on large scope of material. A new quantitative metal original position analyzer has been invented based on the analysis technology of single discharge analysis and continuous scanning excitement spark spectrum without pre-burn. This technology can be used effectively to analyze the original position statistic distribution of metals. The following new information of the materials can be obtained, for example, the quantitative statistic distribution of contents of various elements on the deferent positions in materials; accurate calculation of the segregation of various elements in material; the quantitative description of the homogeneity of material—the quantitative statistic distribution of mass in deferent contents of the element in total excitement signals of material; statistic homogeneity, statistic segregation and statistic porosity in material; the quantitative statistic distribution of inclusion content on deferent positions in material and distribution of inclusion size in material etc. The concept of original position statistic distribution analysis along with the widely utilization of the metal original position analyzer will provide a new method to study the inside characteristics and properties of the materials.
Key words: original position statistic distribution analysis; statistic segregation; statistic porosity; inclusion
