(東北大學(xué)材料與冶金學(xué)院， 沈陽 110004)
摘 要: 研制了一種新型鋁電解金屬陶瓷惰性陽極， 陽極基體由Fe-Ni-Co-Al-O構(gòu)成。 在電解溫度960℃， 氧化鋁質(zhì)量濃度為6.0％， 陽極電流密度為1.0A/cm2，分子比為2.6的電解質(zhì)中對其進(jìn)行了10h的電解。 電解過程平穩(wěn)，電解鋁產(chǎn)品純度達(dá)到96%~99％，陽極氣體中氧氣的含量為98%，反電動勢為2.45V，高于理論值0.25~0.35V。 此陽極具備較好的導(dǎo)電性、 抗氧化和耐腐蝕性。 采用X射線衍射和電子探針微分析儀（EPMA）對電解后的陽極進(jìn)行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)陽極表面存在鐵酸鎳、 鋁酸鐵等尖晶石型化合物， 陽極表面下層為鋁酸鐵、 鈷酸鎳等陶瓷相以及金屬相； 金屬相和陶瓷相相互彌散分布構(gòu)成結(jié)構(gòu)致密的金屬陶瓷層。
關(guān)鍵字: 惰性陽極； 金屬陶瓷； 鋁電解； 尖晶石
（School of Materials and Metallurgy,
Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:A new inert anode consisited of Fe-Ni-Co-Al-O was made for aluminum electrolysis. Electrolysis with this anode was conducted at 960℃ for 10h in a cryolite-alunima electrolyte with CR2.6 and Al2O3 content 6%, the anode current density is 1.0A/cm2(100A). The purity of aluminum metal attained is in the interval of 96%~99%, and the anode gases analysed by an Orsat apparatus is 98%～99%. The back EMF value of the cell is 2.45V at 960℃, which is about 0.25-0.35V higher than the theoretical decomposition voltage of the above electrochemical reaction. X-ray diffraction and electron probe micro-analyzer results on the anode after electrolysis show that there are NiFe2O4, FeAl2O4 at the surface of this anode, and there are FeAl2O4, NiCo2O4 and Ni, Fe metals under the surface of this anode, metal phases and ceramic phases are well dispersed forming compact metal ceramic structure.
Key words: inert anode; cermet; aluminum electrolysis; spinel
