(中南大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 研究超聲波輻射對(duì)蘭坪低品位氧化鋅礦氨浸過(guò)程的影響規(guī)律。研究表明：無(wú)超聲波輻射時(shí)，蘭坪低品位氧化鋅礦在NH3-NH4Cl-H2O體系中浸出3 h后的最高浸出率為69.4%；引入超聲波輻射后，顯著縮短了浸出時(shí)間，無(wú)超聲波輻射時(shí)Zn浸出率達(dá)到61.8%需要80 min，而采用超聲波輻射浸出時(shí)僅需20 min；反應(yīng)溫度、浸出劑濃度和NH4Cl與NH4OH的摩爾濃度比等參數(shù)對(duì)超聲波輻射的強(qiáng)化作用效果顯著。當(dāng)反應(yīng)溫度和浸出劑濃度較低，NH4Cl與NH4OH的摩爾濃度比較大時(shí)，超聲波輻射的強(qiáng)化作用顯著；超聲波輻射可望降低氨浸低品位氧化鋅礦的反應(yīng)溫度和浸出所需NH4OH濃度，大幅縮短浸出時(shí)間；同時(shí)，超聲強(qiáng)化氨浸對(duì)鋅的浸出具有較高選擇性。
關(guān)鍵字: 低品位氧化鋅礦；超聲波輻射；氨浸
zinc from low-grade oxide zinc ore
（School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: The influence of ultrasonic irradiation on the ammonia leaching of zinc from low-grate oxide zinc ore from Lanping was studied. The results show that the maximum leaching rate of zinc is 69.4% in NH3-NH4Cl-H2O solution for 3 h in the absence of ultrasonic. The ultrasonic can shorten the reaction time obviously. The leaching rate of 61.8% is obtained in just 20 min with ultrasonic irradiation while it needs 80 min in leaching process without ultrasonic irradiation. The influence of ultrasonic irradiation on the zinc leaching process is strongly related to the reaction temperature, leaching agent concentration, as well as molar concentration ratio of NH4Cl to NH4OH. The influence of ultrasonic irradiation on the zinc leaching process is obvious at lower temperature, lower leaching agent concentration, and higher molar concentration ratio of NH4Cl to NH4OH, so it is expected to decrease the reaction temperature, molar concentration of NH4OH and obviously shorten the reaction time with ultrasonic irradiation. At the same time, the selectivity to zinc leaching is high in ultrasonic intensified ammonia leaching process of low-grade oxide zinc ore.
Key words: low-grade oxide zinc ore; ultrasonic irradiation; ammonia leaching
