( 中南大學(xué) 資源加工與生物工程學(xué)院， 長沙 410083)
摘 要: 研究了用銹蝕法分離浸鋅渣還原鐵粉中的鎵和鍺的熱力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)與技術(shù)條件。 結(jié)果表明， 控制溶液pH值和電位φ， 可使金屬鐵生成針鐵礦(FeOOH)沉淀， 鎵、 鍺分別以Ga3+、 H2GeO3形式進(jìn)入溶液。 實(shí)現(xiàn)Ga、 Ge與Fe分離的熱力學(xué)條件為： 25 ℃下， pH值0.685～2.742， 電位φ＞(0.892 3-0.177 3pH) V； 80 ℃下， pH值0.130～1.857， 電位φ＞(0.908-0.210 1pH) V。 銹蝕試驗(yàn)表明： H2O2流量為0.2～0.5 mL/min， pH值為1.0～1.5， 溫度80 ℃， 時(shí)間為60～80 min的條件下， 對(duì)含Ga 1 538 g/t、 Ge 1 292 g/t 和Ga 2 160 g/t、 Ge 1 403 g/t的兩種浸鋅渣還原鐵粉進(jìn)行銹蝕試驗(yàn)， 可使90%左右Ga、 Ge轉(zhuǎn)入溶液。
關(guān)鍵字: 鎵； 鍺； 銹蝕法； φ-pH圖
ferrous powder reduced from zinc leach residues by corrosion process
HUANG Zhu-cheng, GUO Yu-feng, YANG Yong-bin
（ School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering,
Central South University, Changsha 410083 , China）
Abstract: Thermodynamics and technologies of separating gallium and germanium from ferrous powder produced from zinc leach residues were investigated by corrosion process. Thermodynamic results show that under the specific conditions on pH value and potential φ, metallic iron may precipitate as goethite, while gallium and germanium dissolve in liquor as Ga3+ and H2GeO3, respectively. The thermodynamical conditions of separating Ga and Ge from Fe are found to be: 25℃, pH=0.685-2.742 and φ＞(0.892 3-0.177 3pH) V; or 80 ℃, pH=0.130-1.857 and φ＞(0.908-0.210 1pH) V. The corrosion experiments of ferrous powders containing 1 538 g/t Ga and 1 292 g/t Ge, 2 160 g/t Ga and 1 403 g/t Ge were carried out, respectively. It is shown that about 90% Ga and Ge in the iron powder are converted into the solution under the conditions of pH 1.0-1.5, hydrogenperoxide discharge of 0.2-0.5 mL/min, temperature of 80 ℃ and time of 60-80 min.
Key words: gallium; germanium; corrosion process; φ-pH diagram
