( 北京化工大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院， 北京 100029)
摘 要: 采用循環(huán)伏安法(CV)研究了青銅在模擬土壤介質(zhì)中的電化學(xué)行為。 對(duì)循環(huán)伏安譜中氧化過程及還原峰電位下的腐蝕產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了X射線衍射檢測(cè)。 結(jié)果表明， 氧化過程為生成有害銹(CuCl)的反應(yīng)， 還原過程為CuCl還原成純銅的反應(yīng)。 用金相顯微鏡、 掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)和原子力顯微鏡(AFM)研究了純銅晶粒及腐蝕界面的形貌特征， 在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下模擬了純銅晶粒在青銅文物表面的析出過程， 通過延長還原時(shí)間CuCl可全部被還原成純銅， 其生成條件在土壤中也具備， 這為除去青銅文物上的有害銹(CuCl)提供了理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵字: 青銅； 有害銹； 純銅； 局部腐蝕
（ School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China）
Abstract: The cycle voltammetry(CV) technique was used to study the electrochemical behaviour of bronze in simulated edaphic electrolyte. Analyzing the composition of corrosion products formatted during oxidation process and at reduction peak with XRD, the results show that the oxidation process is the formation process of harmful patina CuCl and the reduction process is the reaction of CuCl reduced or deoxidised to pure Cu. The metallographic microscopy, SEM and the atomic force microscopy(AFM) were used to observe the morphological characteristics of pure Cu crystals and the corrosion interface. The formation process of pure Cu on bronze archaeology is simulated in laboratory conditions, in which CuCl can be fully deoxidised to pure Cu for extended period of time. The same condition for the formation of pure Cu can also be provided in soil. This outcome forms the theoretical and experimental basis for restoring excavated bronze artefact from harmful patina CuCl.
Key words: bronze; harmful patina; pure Cu; localized corrosion
