(北京科技大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院， 北京 100083)
摘 要: 采用熔融紡絲法制備了玻璃包覆純銅微絲， 對(duì)微絲進(jìn)行了組織觀察以及尺寸和缺陷表征， 提出了不同冷卻條件下的純銅芯絲凝固過(guò)程模型， 討論了制備過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題并提出了相應(yīng)的解決方案。 結(jié)果表明： 在空氣中自然冷卻凝固的純銅芯絲內(nèi)部組織為細(xì)等軸晶， 加冷卻水快速冷卻凝固制備的純銅芯絲內(nèi)部的晶粒沿著微絲長(zhǎng)度方向呈竹節(jié)狀整齊排列； 當(dāng)微絲外徑為45 μm、 芯絲直徑為25 μm時(shí)， 外徑尺寸波動(dòng)在6%以內(nèi)， 芯絲直徑誤差小于4%； 當(dāng)原料質(zhì)量存在問(wèn)題或制備過(guò)程中拉絲速度、 冷卻速度等工藝參數(shù)匹配不合理時(shí)， 易導(dǎo)致芯絲表面存在凹坑和凹槽等缺陷。
關(guān)鍵字: 玻璃包覆純銅微絲； 材料制備； 熔融紡絲法； 表征
glass-coated pure copper microwire
（School of Materials Science and Engineering,
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract: Glass-coated pure copper microwire is prepared by the melting spinning method. The microstructure of the microwire is observed while the model of solidification process of pure copper core under different cooling conditions is presented, and the size and the defects are characterized. The results show that: the microstructure of the microwires cooled by air is observed to be equiaxed grain, and the grains of pure copper core cooled by water array along the axis of the microwire orderly like the bamboo; the mean out-diameter of prepared microwire is about 45 μm, and the dimension undulation being less than 6%; the diameter of pure copper core of prepared microwire is about 25 μm, and the error less than 4% and some notches and grooves may be resulted from the quality problem of raw materials or the unmatched technologic parameters such as drawing speed, cooling speed and so on.
Key words: glass-coated pure copper microwire; material preparation; melting spinning method; characterization
