(中南大學(xué) 資源加工與生物工程學(xué)院， 長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 通過(guò)分析鉈、 鉍、 汞和鉛等重金屬?gòu)?qiáng)化金氰化溶解的電化學(xué)原理， 對(duì)含金氧化物礦石和難浸硫化物金精礦進(jìn)行了重金屬?gòu)?qiáng)化浸金研究。結(jié)果表明： 重金屬對(duì)金氰化溶解的陽(yáng)極過(guò)程有顯著的強(qiáng)化作用， 但在常規(guī)供氧條件下， 金的溶解速率并未顯著提高； 只有同時(shí)采用陰極強(qiáng)化措施， 才能使重金屬起到顯著提高金溶解速率的作用；對(duì)于含金氧化物礦石， 單獨(dú)采用重金屬?gòu)?qiáng)化即可明顯提高浸金速率， 如果在過(guò)氧化氫助浸的基礎(chǔ)上添加重金屬， 金的浸出速率會(huì)有更大幅度的提高； 對(duì)硫化物金精礦而言，單獨(dú)采用重金屬無(wú)明顯強(qiáng)化效果， 只有在添加過(guò)氧化氫作為輔助氧化劑的基礎(chǔ)上， 重金屬對(duì)金的浸出才能起到強(qiáng)化的作用， 該體系中過(guò)氧化氫起到了強(qiáng)化陰極過(guò)程和氧化硫化物的雙重作用。
關(guān)鍵字: 金礦石； 氰化浸出； 重金屬； 電化學(xué)
heavy metal ions
（ Scholl of Resources Processing and Bioengineering,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: The applications of heavy metals, such as thallium, bismuth, mercury and lead, to enhancement of cyanide leaching for gold occurring in an oxides ore and a sulfides concentrate, were studied on the basis of electrochemical investigation. The results indicate that these heavy metals greatly intensify the anodic process of gold cyanidation. However, under the conventional oxygen supplying condition, the gold dissolution rate does not observably increase, if the cathodic process was intensified at the same time, the heavy metals will improve the dissolution rate of gold markedly. During leaching of gold from an oxides ore, only adding heavy metals, gold leaching rate increases apparently, when they are associated with hydrogen peroxide, gold leaching rate will further increase. To sulfide gold concentrates, the heavy metlas show remarkable enhancing effect on gold leaching only when they were used in combination with hydrogen peroxide, which not only promots cathodic process of gold dissolution but also oxidizes sulfides that are apt to to be oxidized.
Key words: gold ores; cyanide leaching; heavy metal; electrochemistry
