(南京理工大學(xué) 化工學(xué)院， 南京 210094)
摘 要: 采用掃描電鏡、透射電鏡和X射線光電子能譜儀對包覆有納米膜的復(fù)合金屬鋁粉進(jìn)行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)納米包覆膜的厚度為10 nm左右； 金屬粉的比表面積(BET)由包覆前的1.46 m2/g， 包覆后增加到13.74 m2/g， 提高了粉體的分散性； 包覆后的鋁粉孔徑—孔容圖呈很好的光滑曲線， 表現(xiàn)出良好分散顆粒的孔徑—孔容分布特征。 熱分析研究表明， 包覆后的鋁粉熱量釋放更大、 更快速、 更集中， 適合于固體推進(jìn)劑所要求的能量釋放特點(diǎn)。
關(guān)鍵字: 金屬鋁粉; 納米材料; 包覆技術(shù); 復(fù)合技術(shù)
（ School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of
Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China）
Abstract: Nanometer film, which may catalyze the heat decomposing of ammonia perchloride, is coated on activated Al powder to improve the energy and combustion property of Al powder in solid propellant. It may increase the content of active Al of high-energy propellant contained the composite Al powder. Scanning electric microscopy and transmission electric microscopy are employed to analysis the composite Al powder coated with nanometer film. It indicates that the film uniformly coats on micrometer Al powder, and thickness of the film is about 10 nm. The specific area of Al powder is increased from 1.46 m2/g to 13.74 m2/g after coated with nanometer film. The thermal gravimetric analysis results show that the heat release of composite Al powder is faster, more concentrative and the released energy is much higher than that of raw Al powder. These features have a good agreement with the energy release characteristics of high-energy propellant.
Key words: aluminum powder; nanometer materials; coating technique; compounding technique
